Crerand Canice E, Infield Alison L, Sarwer David B
Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Psychology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA.
Plast Surg Nurs. 2009 Jan-Mar;29(1):49-57; quiz 58-9. doi: 10.1097/01.PSN.0000347725.13404.5f.
Within the past decade, the popularity of cosmetic breast augmentation has surged and, with it, the interest in the psychological aspects of the procedure. Investigations of women who seek cosmetic breast augmentation have examined both their psychosocial characteristics and their motivations for surgery. Dissatisfaction both with body image and with breast size and/or shape are thought to be primary motivators for surgery. It is common for women seeking cosmetic breast augmentation to have some body image dissatisfaction. However, a considerable minority may suffer from excessive dissatisfaction consistent with the psychiatric diagnosis of body dysmorphic disorder, which is believed to contraindicate cosmetic surgery. Following breast augmentation, most women report satisfaction with the aesthetic result and improvements in body image. The impact of the procedure on other areas of functioning, such as self-esteem and quality of life, is less clear. These positive outcomes have been tempered by recent epidemiological studies that have identified a relationship between cosmetic breast implants and suicide. This article reviews this literature and provides recommendations to plastic surgical nurses regarding the psychological assessment and management of patients seeking breast augmentation.
在过去十年中，隆胸手术的受欢迎程度激增，随之而来的是人们对该手术心理层面的兴趣。对寻求隆胸手术的女性的调查，既考察了她们的心理社会特征，也探究了她们的手术动机。对身体形象以及乳房大小和/或形状的不满，被认为是手术的主要动机。寻求隆胸手术的女性普遍存在一定程度的身体形象不满。然而，相当一部分人可能存在过度不满，符合身体变形障碍的精神科诊断，而这被认为是隆胸手术的禁忌证。隆胸手术后，大多数女性对美学效果和身体形象的改善表示满意。该手术对其他功能领域，如自尊和生活质量的影响则不太明确。这些积极结果因最近的流行病学研究而受到影响，这些研究发现隆胸植入物与自杀之间存在关联。本文回顾了这方面的文献，并就隆胸手术患者的心理评估和管理向整形外科护士提供建议。
