Robertson Alastair S, Smythe Elizabeth, Ayscough Kathryn R
Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2009 Jul;66(13):2049-65. doi: 10.1007/s00018-009-0001-y. Epub 2009 Mar 17.
Endocytosis is a fundamental eukaryotic process required for remodelling plasma-membrane lipids and protein to ensure appropriate membrane composition. Increasing evidence from a number of cell types reveals that actin plays an active, and often essential, role at key endocytic stages. Much of our current mechanistic understanding of the endocytic process has come from studies in budding yeast and has been facilitated by yeast's genetic amenability and by technological advances in live cell imaging. While endocytosis in metazoans is likely to be subject to a greater array of regulatory signals, recent reports indicate that spatiotemporal aspects of vesicle formation requiring actin are likely to be conserved across eukaryotic evolution. In this review we focus on the 'modular' model of endocytosis in yeast before highlighting comparisons with other cell types. Our discussion is limited to endocytosis involving clathrin as other types of endocytosis have not been demonstrated in yeast.
内吞作用是真核生物的一个基本过程，对于重塑质膜脂质和蛋白质以确保适当的膜组成至关重要。来自多种细胞类型的越来越多的证据表明，肌动蛋白在关键的内吞阶段发挥着积极且通常是必不可少的作用。我们目前对内吞过程的许多机制理解来自于对芽殖酵母的研究，酵母的遗传易处理性以及活细胞成像技术的进步促进了这些研究。虽然后生动物中的内吞作用可能受到更多种类的调节信号的影响，但最近的报告表明，需要肌动蛋白的囊泡形成的时空方面在真核生物进化过程中可能是保守的。在这篇综述中，我们首先关注酵母内吞作用的“模块化”模型，然后重点强调与其他细胞类型的比较。我们的讨论仅限于涉及网格蛋白的内吞作用，因为酵母中尚未证明存在其他类型的内吞作用。
