Adesiyan S O, Badra T
J Nematol. 1982 Apr;14(2):213-6.
Four granular nentaticides were evaluated for control of the yam nematode, Scutellonema bradys (Steiner &LeHew) Andrassy, on Guinea yam, Dioscorea rotundata Poir, under field conditions prevelant in the tropics. A single application of nematicides (sidedressing) at the rate of 2 kg ai/ha as postplanting treatment at the onset of the rainy season depressed numbers of S. bradys attacking yams during the growing season and significantly increased tuber yields over untreated. The efficacy, based on the regression coefficient values of evaluated nematicides, was in the order of miral, carbofuran, aldicarb, and oxamyl (b = -75.9, -75.5, -72.1, and -65.9, respectively). Yam tuber yields increased by 136.9, 90.6, 87.9, and 85.3% over untreated (P = 0.05) in aldicarb, carbofuran, oxamyl, and miral treated plots, respectively. Residues in raw tubers pretreated with aldicarb, carbofuran, or miral were negligible (front less than 0.02 to 0.3 ppm) and far below the established tolerance levels (l.0 and 1.3 ppm for aldicarb and carbofuran, respectively) of a related crop in the United States. This is the first report on residues of systemic pesticides in yams.
在热带地区常见的田间条件下，对四种颗粒状杀线虫剂进行了评估，以控制几内亚薯蓣（Dioscorea rotundata Poir）上的山药线虫——斯氏短体线虫（Scutellonema bradys (Steiner & LeHew) Andrassy）。在雨季开始时，以2千克有效成分/公顷的用量进行单剂量杀线虫剂（侧施）处理作为种植后处理，可降低生长季节中攻击山药的斯氏短体线虫数量，并显著提高块茎产量，产量高于未处理地块。根据所评估杀线虫剂的回归系数值，其功效顺序为灭线磷、克百威、涕灭威和草肟威（回归系数分别为-75.9、-75.5、-72.1和-65.9）。涕灭威、克百威、草肟威和灭线磷处理地块的山药块茎产量分别比未处理地块增加了136.9%、90.6%、87.9%和85.3%（P = 0.05）。用涕灭威、克百威或灭线磷预处理的生块茎中的残留量可忽略不计（前沿值小于0.02至0.3 ppm），远低于美国相关作物既定的耐受水平（涕灭威和克百威分别为1.0 ppm和1.3 ppm）。这是关于山药中系统性农药残留的首次报告。
