Senior Julie D, Chandna Arvind, O'Connor Anna R
Department of Paediatric Ophthalmology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpoo, UK.
Strabismus. 2009 Jan-Mar;17(1):33-6. doi: 10.1080/09273970802678818.
Consecutive exotropia is commonly the result of a surgical correction of a primary esotropia but may develop spontaneously. This study examines the clinical characteristics of patients who have developed a spontaneous consecutive exotropia and relates the key features to previously reported findings.
Patients were identified by routine clinical practice from May 2000 to December 2003 by retrospective case note analysis. Patients that presented with an esotropia that became an exotropia (without surgery or botulinum toxin A) were included.
This study consisted of 14 patients who presented with an esotropia from early weeks of life to almost 4 years. No patients were undergoing occlusion treatment at the onset of the exotropia and no subject had dense amblyopia. The most common characteristics included (1) age of onset of esotropia of 24 months or less; (2) hypermetropic refractive error of +5 DS mean spherical equivalent; (3) lack of binocular single vision.
The results highlight the variability of the condition with no single consistent finding, with the lack of binocular single vision, early onset esotropia, and high hypermetropia being common findings. Amblyopia was not found to be an important characteristic.
继发性外斜视通常是原发性内斜视手术矫正的结果，但也可能自发形成。本研究探讨了自发形成继发性外斜视患者的临床特征，并将关键特征与先前报道的结果进行关联。
通过回顾性病例记录分析，从2000年5月至2003年12月的常规临床实践中确定患者。纳入那些原本为内斜视后来转变为外斜视（未进行手术或注射A型肉毒杆菌毒素）的患者。
本研究包括14例患者，其斜视发病时间从出生后早期至近4岁。在外斜视发病时，没有患者正在接受遮盖治疗，也没有患者患有重度弱视。最常见的特征包括：（1）内斜视发病年龄在24个月或更小；（2）平均球镜等效度数为+5 DS的远视性屈光不正；（3）缺乏双眼单视功能。
结果突出了该病症的变异性，没有单一一致的发现，缺乏双眼单视功能、早发性内斜视和高度远视是常见表现。弱视并非重要特征。
