Pituch Hanna
Department of Medical Microbiology, The Medical University of Warsaw, 5 Chalubinski Street, Warsaw, Poland.
Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2009 Mar;33 Suppl 1:S42-5. doi: 10.1016/S0924-8579(09)70016-0.
Clostridium difficile is the main cause of nosocomial gastrointestinal disorders. Historically, C. difficile has usually affected older patients, hospital inpatients, and long-term care facility residents. Recent reports suggest that the occurrence and severity of C. difficile-associated disease (CDAD) is increasing in populations previously considered to be at low risk of the infection, and increasing numbers of community-acquired cases of CDAD are being reported. Risk factors for CDAD in paediatric patients include disruption of the normal microflora of the gastrointestinal tract (antibiotic-associated and non-antibiotic-associated), age, immune status, diet, underlying conditions, concurrent infections, and cancer. CDAD in populations previously thought to be at low risk is an emerging problem.
艰难梭菌是医院获得性胃肠道疾病的主要病因。从历史上看，艰难梭菌通常影响老年患者、住院患者和长期护理机构居民。最近的报告表明，在以前被认为感染风险较低的人群中，艰难梭菌相关疾病（CDAD）的发生率和严重程度正在增加，并且社区获得性CDAD病例的报告数量也在增加。儿科患者发生CDAD的风险因素包括胃肠道正常微生物群的破坏（与抗生素相关和与非抗生素相关）、年龄、免疫状态、饮食、基础疾病、并发感染和癌症。以前被认为风险较低的人群中出现CDAD是一个新出现的问题。
