Chaudary Naz, Hill Richard P
Division of Applied Molecular Oncology, Ontario Cancer Institute/Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Lab Invest. 2009 May;89(5):587-96. doi: 10.1038/labinvest.2009.16. Epub 2009 Mar 23.
Solid tumors contain regions of poor oxygenation that relate to the abnormal vascular network. Clinical investigations in cervical carcinoma have shown that positive lymph node status in patients with cervical carcinoma correlates with hypoxia. Earlier, in an orthotopic cervical cancer model, we had shown that exposure to acute hypoxia enhances lymph node metastasis. This study describes a technique for sorting hypoxic cells directly from the cervical xenograft model and reports the expression of 'metastasis-related' genes in hypoxic cells from xenografted cervix and lymph node tumors. Tumor cells were sorted on the basis of DsRed fluorescence and the sub-population of hypoxic cells was sorted on the basis of carbonic anhydrase-9 (CA-9) expression. Quantitative RT-PCR was conducted to measure changes in gene expression in the hypoxic cells sorted from primary cervix tumors and lymph node metastases. Immunohistochemistry was used to track changes in protein expression in sections of the same tumors. Metastasis-related genes, CXCR4, uPAR, VEGFC, Hdm2, and OPN, were observed to be upregulated at gene and protein levels in the primary tumors and nodal metastasis from the orthotopic transplants. In particular, the hypoxic cells sorted from orthotopically transplanted cervix tumors and their lymph node metastases from mice exposed to cyclic (intermittent) hypoxia showed higher levels of expression of these genes. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that these genes may be involved in regulating lymph node metastasis in cervical cancers under hypoxic conditions and provide support to the concept cyclic hypoxia that plays an important role in this process. Our methodological study emphasizes the technique of cell sorting to identify hypoxic cells using CA-9, which may aid in improving prognostic capabilities and in designing rational therapeutic strategies by focusing on hypoxia-specific gene expression profiles of patients. The technique can be applied to identify other potential 'hypoxia-related' genes of interest for tumor growth and metastasis.
实体瘤包含与异常血管网络相关的低氧区域。宫颈癌的临床研究表明,宫颈癌患者的阳性淋巴结状态与缺氧相关。此前,在原位宫颈癌模型中,我们已表明暴露于急性缺氧会增强淋巴结转移。本研究描述了一种直接从宫颈异种移植模型中分选低氧细胞的技术,并报告了异种移植宫颈和淋巴结肿瘤中低氧细胞中“转移相关”基因的表达情况。肿瘤细胞基于DsRed荧光进行分选,低氧细胞亚群基于碳酸酐酶9(CA-9)的表达进行分选。进行定量逆转录聚合酶链反应以测量从原发性宫颈肿瘤和淋巴结转移灶中分选的低氧细胞中基因表达的变化。免疫组织化学用于追踪同一肿瘤切片中蛋白质表达的变化。观察到转移相关基因CXCR4、尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体(uPAR)、血管内皮生长因子C(VEGFC)、人双微体2(Hdm2)和骨桥蛋白(OPN)在原位移植的原发性肿瘤和淋巴结转移中在基因和蛋白质水平上均上调。特别是,从原位移植的宫颈肿瘤及其在暴露于周期性(间歇性)缺氧的小鼠中的淋巴结转移灶中分选的低氧细胞显示出这些基因的更高表达水平。这些结果与以下假设一致,即这些基因可能参与在缺氧条件下调节宫颈癌中的淋巴结转移,并为周期性缺氧在这一过程中起重要作用的概念提供支持。我们的方法学研究强调了使用CA-9分选细胞以鉴定低氧细胞的技术,这可能有助于通过关注患者的缺氧特异性基因表达谱来提高预后能力并设计合理的治疗策略。该技术可用于鉴定其他与肿瘤生长和转移相关的潜在“缺氧相关”基因。