Department of Kinesiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, 48824, USA.
Am J Hum Biol. 2010 Jan-Feb;22(1):18-22. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.20905.
Besides environmental and psycho-social factors explaining the variation in physical activity levels during adolescence, some evidence suggests that biological processes are involved in regulating habitual daily physical activity and energy expenditure. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of biological maturity status on physical activity. Chronological age, standing height, sitting height, and body mass were measured cross-sectionally in 268 girls, aged 9.5 to 11.5 years. Biological maturity groups (Early, Average, Late) were created according to estimated age at peak-height-velocity (estAPHV). Habitual physical activity was determined with a pedometer (Yamax Digiwalker SW-200) over a 7-day period. Differences in steps/day across maturity groups were examined by ANCOVA, controlling separately for time the pedometer was worn, leg length, and body mass. Mean pedometer steps/day was 10,822 +/- 2,639. As expected, body size varied by maturity status (e.g., early > average > late). Significant maturity group differences were found with early maturing girls showing lower activity levels compared to average or late maturers. These differences remained after controlling for time the pedometer was worn and leg length; however, the differences were no longer significant when controlling for body mass. The results suggest that biological maturity status influences physical activity levels in girls between 10 and 12 years of age but the relationship is not independent of body mass. Further research is needed to establish the complex inter-relationships among adiposity, biological maturation, and energy expenditure during puberty.
除了环境和心理社会因素可以解释青少年时期体力活动水平的变化外，一些证据表明，生物过程也参与调节习惯性日常体力活动和能量消耗。本研究旨在探讨生物成熟度对体力活动的影响。在 268 名 9.5 至 11.5 岁的女孩中，横截面上测量了年龄、身高、坐高和体重。根据估计的身高生长速度高峰年龄（estAPHV），将生物成熟度组（早、中、晚）分为三组。通过计步器（Yamax Digiwalker SW-200）在 7 天内确定习惯性体力活动。通过 ANCOVA 分别控制计步器佩戴时间、腿长和体重，检查成熟组之间每天步数的差异。平均计步器步数/天为 10822 +/- 2639。如预期的那样，身体大小因成熟度而异（例如，早期>中期>晚期）。与平均或晚期成熟者相比，早期成熟的女孩表现出较低的活动水平，这在成熟组之间存在显著差异。在控制计步器佩戴时间和腿长后，这些差异仍然存在；然而，当控制体重时，差异不再显著。结果表明，生物成熟度会影响 10 至 12 岁女孩的体力活动水平，但这种关系与体重无关。需要进一步研究以确定青春期肥胖、生物成熟度和能量消耗之间的复杂相互关系。
