De Nil L F, Abbs J H
Speech Laboratory, Waisman Center, Madison, Wisconsin.
Brain. 1991 Oct;114 ( Pt 5):2145-58. doi: 10.1093/brain/114.5.2145.
Six adult stutterers and six normal speakers were instructed to make the smallest possible movements of the jaw, lower lip, tongue and right index finger, both with and without continuous visual feedback. In the non-visual (kinaesthetic) condition, the stutterers showed significantly larger minimal displacements (MDs) than did the non-stutterers for oral but not for finger movements. However, movements made in the presence of visual feedback were consistently smaller for all subjects than those made without, and no differences in MD were found between the stutterers and the non-stutterers when visual feedback was provided. The results suggested the presence of a sensorimotor deficit among at least some adult stutterers that is confined to oral movements. Given the importance of somatic sensory feedback during speech production, these observed orosensory deficiencies among stutterers may provide important insights into causal factors which contribute to the breakdowns in stutterers' speech.
六名成年口吃者和六名正常说话者被要求在有和没有持续视觉反馈的情况下，尽可能小地移动下巴、下唇、舌头和右手食指。在无视觉（动觉）条件下，口吃者在口腔动作方面的最小位移（MDs）显著大于非口吃者，但在手指动作方面并非如此。然而，对于所有受试者来说，有视觉反馈时的动作始终比没有视觉反馈时的动作小，并且在提供视觉反馈时，口吃者和非口吃者之间在最小位移方面没有差异。结果表明，至少一些成年口吃者存在局限于口腔动作的感觉运动缺陷。鉴于躯体感觉反馈在言语产生过程中的重要性，这些在口吃者中观察到的口腔感觉缺陷可能为导致口吃者言语中断的因果因素提供重要见解。
