Zhang Xiaodong, Hu Lianbo, He Ming-Xia
Department of Earth System Science and Policy, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA.
Opt Express. 2009 Mar 30;17(7):5698-710. doi: 10.1364/oe.17.005698.
A theoretical model was developed estimating the scattering by seawater that are due to concentration fluctuation. Combining with the model proposed for density fluctuation (Optics Express, 17, 1671, 2009), we evaluated the overall effect of sea salts on the scattering. The variation of seawater scattering with the salinity is a combination of two factors: decreasing contribution due to density fluctuation and increasing contribution due to concentration fluctuation, with the latter effect dominating. The trend is, however, slightly non-linear and the linear adjustment of scattering with salinity that is frequently used would lead to an underestimate by an average of 2%. The results estimated at S = 38.4 per thousand agree with the measurements by Morel (Cahiers Oceanographiques, 20, 157, 1968) with an average difference of 1%, well within his experimental error of 2%. The spectral signature also varies with salinity, with the power-law slope increasing from -4.286 to -4.306 for salinity from 0 to 40 per thousand.
建立了一个理论模型来估算由于浓度波动引起的海水散射。结合为密度波动提出的模型（《光学快报》，17，1671，2009），我们评估了海盐对散射的总体影响。海水散射随盐度的变化是两个因素的综合：由于密度波动导致的贡献减少和由于浓度波动导致的贡献增加，后者的影响占主导。然而，这种趋势略有非线性，经常使用的散射随盐度的线性调整会导致平均低估2%。在盐度为38.4‰时估算的结果与莫雷尔（《海洋学纪要》，20，157，1968）的测量结果相符，平均差异为1%，完全在他2%的实验误差范围内。光谱特征也随盐度而变化，对于盐度从0到40‰，幂律斜率从-4.286增加到-4.306。
