Cruccu G, Ferracuti S, Leardi M G, Fabbri A, Manfredi M
Department of Neurosciences, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy.
Brain Res. 1991 Aug 16;556(2):209-17. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(91)90308-i.
The corneal reflex and the three components of the blink reflex (R1, R2, and R3) were recorded electromyographically in volunteers. The area of these responses was measured before and after administration of the narcotic-analgesic fentanyl (1.5 mg i.m.) and its antagonist naloxone, and after administration of the benzodiazepine diazepam (10 mg i.v.) and its antagonist flumazenil. Saline was given as a control placebo. The corneal reflex was 71% reduced by fentanyl, 43% by diazepam. R1 was 35% reduced and R2 was 60% reduced by diazepam. R3 was abolished by both drugs. Whereas the fentanyl-induced changes were completely reversed by naloxone, the diazepam-induced changes were only partly reversed by flumazenil. The corneal reflex appears to be a 'nociceptive' reflex under all points of view. Recording of the orbicularis oculi reflexes in man may be valuable in the evaluation of central-acting neurotropic drugs.
在志愿者身上通过肌电图记录角膜反射和眨眼反射的三个成分（R1、R2和R3）。在给予麻醉性镇痛药芬太尼（1.5毫克，肌肉注射）及其拮抗剂纳洛酮后，以及给予苯二氮䓬类药物地西泮（10毫克，静脉注射）及其拮抗剂氟马西尼后，测量这些反应的面积。给予生理盐水作为对照安慰剂。芬太尼使角膜反射降低71%，地西泮使其降低43%。地西泮使R1降低35%，R2降低60%。两种药物均使R3消失。虽然芬太尼引起的变化可被纳洛酮完全逆转，但地西泮引起的变化仅被氟马西尼部分逆转。从各方面来看，角膜反射似乎都是一种“伤害性”反射。记录人类眼轮匝肌反射在评估中枢作用的神经营养药物方面可能具有价值。
