Grytten J
Institute of Community Dentistry, University of Oslo, Norway.
Community Dent Health. 1991 Sep;8(3):221-31.
The aim of the present study was to ascertain whether the amount of dental care demanded and the amount of dental care received in Norway were influenced by supplier inducement. There is a fixed price schedule for dental care in Norway, which establishes the framework for the theoretical model on which the empirical studies were based. The model has been developed by Birch (1988), and it describes how the utilisation of dental services may be influenced both by supplier inducement and reduced shadow prices (access costs) when the population to dentist ratio decreases. The sample of 1200 individuals was representative of the non-institutionalised Norwegian population aged 20 years and over. Variables measuring access costs, rationing of care, oral health, unmet need, family income and socio-demographic characteristics of the population were included as control variables. Supplier inducement effects were found on dentist-initiated visits, and on the cost per visit. It was concluded that dentists in areas of excess supply were able to maintain their workload by increasing the demand for and the utilisation of their services. Also, that the existing maldistribution of dentists between the northern and southern parts of Norway is not likely to be altered by allowing market mechanisms to operate on the dental care market.
本研究的目的是确定挪威牙科护理的需求数量和接受数量是否受到供方诱导的影响。挪威有一个固定的牙科护理价格表，它为实证研究基于的理论模型建立了框架。该模型由伯奇（1988年）开发，它描述了在人口与牙医比例下降时，牙科服务的利用如何可能受到供方诱导和影子价格（就医成本）降低的影响。1200名个体的样本代表了20岁及以上的非机构化挪威人口。测量就医成本、护理配给、口腔健康、未满足的需求、家庭收入以及人口的社会人口特征的变量被作为控制变量纳入。在牙医发起的就诊次数和每次就诊成本上发现了供方诱导效应。得出的结论是，供应过剩地区的牙医能够通过增加对其服务的需求和利用来维持工作量。此外，允许市场机制在牙科护理市场上运行不太可能改变挪威南北部之间现有的牙医分布不均状况。
