Brantsaeter A B, Romanus V, Andersen P H, Heldal E
Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2009 Apr;13(4):440-5.
Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Finland have low incidence rates (IRs) of tuberculosis (TB) but the use of bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination has varied.
To assess if different IRs among persons at low risk in the four countries could be related to the different use of BCG vaccination, and to estimate the number of adolescent BCG vaccinations needed to prevent one case of TB in Norway.
The study period was 1996-2005. In part A, IRs for cases classified as 'born in country/national' in the EuroTB database in all four countries were calculated. In part B, the IRs among persons born in Norway and Sweden with two parents from low-incidence countries were calculated for cases registered in the respective national TB registers. In both parts, IRs and IR ratios among 0-14-year-olds and 15-29-year-olds were compared and related to different BCG vaccination policies.
Our results are consistent with a protective effect of newborn BCG vaccination in native-born 0-14-year-olds in Finland, and of adolescent BCG vaccination in 15-29-year-olds in Norway. The Norwegian BCG vaccination programme conferred 61-64% protection to 15-29-year-olds; however, 21699-25125 vaccinations were needed to prevent one case.
挪威、瑞典、丹麦和芬兰的结核病发病率较低，但卡介苗（BCG）的接种情况各不相同。
评估这四个国家低风险人群中不同的发病率是否与卡介苗接种情况的差异有关，并估算在挪威预防一例结核病所需的青少年卡介苗接种数量。
研究时间段为1996年至2005年。在A部分，计算了四个国家在欧洲结核病数据库中分类为“在本国出生/国籍为本国”的病例的发病率。在B部分，计算了父母双方均来自低发病率国家且在挪威和瑞典出生的人群在各自国家结核病登记册中登记的病例的发病率。在两部分中，均比较了0至14岁和15至29岁人群的发病率及发病率比，并将其与不同的卡介苗接种政策相关联。
我们的结果与芬兰本土出生的0至14岁儿童接种新生儿卡介苗以及挪威15至29岁青少年接种青少年卡介苗的保护作用一致。挪威的卡介苗接种计划为15至29岁人群提供了61%至64%的保护；然而，预防一例病例需要进行21699至25125次接种。
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