Sergio A Martinez D, Bustos T Yaneth
Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana - Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo 180, Azcapotzalco, Mexico, DF, 02200, Mexico.
Biodegradation. 2009 Sep;20(5):709-15. doi: 10.1007/s10532-009-9258-y. Epub 2009 Apr 2.
The wastewater treatment plants produce large quantities of biomass (sludge) that require about one-third of the total inversion and operation plant costs for their treatment. By the microorganisms immobilization it is possible to handle high cell concentration in the reactor, increasing its efficiency, reducing the loss of biomass and the wash out is avoided. Moreover, there is no cell growth then the sludge production is reduced. In this study, the COD removal and VSS variation were modeled in a tubular reactor with activated sludge immobilized in Ca-alginate. Moreover, two aspects that are commonly not considered in the performance of the actual reactors of this kind were introduced; the performance in non-steady state and the dispersion effect. The model was calibrated with an actual wastewater taken out from a Mexican wastewater treatment plant. The results of the performance of the tubular bioreactor at different scenarios (i.e., different residence time and VSS in the reactor) are presented. With longer residence times and higher VSS concentration in the Ca-alginate beads in the tubular bioreactor it is possible to increase the time operation of the bioreactor and to treat higher volumes of wastewater. During the process, the sludge generation was drastically reduced and it is possible to remove nitrogen form the wastewater making this process more attractive.
污水处理厂会产生大量生物质（污泥），其处理成本约占工厂总投资和运营成本的三分之一。通过固定化微生物，可以在反应器中处理高细胞浓度，提高其效率，减少生物质损失并避免污泥流失。此外，由于没有细胞生长，污泥产量得以降低。在本研究中，对固定在海藻酸钙中的活性污泥的管式反应器中的化学需氧量去除和挥发性悬浮固体变化进行了建模。此外，还引入了这类实际反应器性能中通常未考虑的两个方面；非稳态性能和扩散效应。该模型用从墨西哥一家污水处理厂取出的实际废水进行了校准。给出了管式生物反应器在不同工况（即不同停留时间和反应器中的挥发性悬浮固体）下的性能结果。在管式生物反应器中，随着停留时间延长以及海藻酸钙珠中挥发性悬浮固体浓度升高，有可能延长生物反应器的运行时间并处理更多体积的废水。在此过程中，污泥产生量大幅减少，并且有可能从废水中去除氮，使得这个过程更具吸引力。
