O'Connor Megan, Garm Anders, Nilsson Dan-E
Department of Cell and Organism Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol. 2009 Jun;195(6):557-69. doi: 10.1007/s00359-009-0431-x. Epub 2009 Apr 5.
Cubomedusae have a total of 24 eyes of four morphologically different types. Two of these eye types are camera-type eyes (upper and lower lens-eye), while the other two eye types are simpler pigment pit eyes (pit and slit eye). Here, we give a description of the visual system of the box jellyfish species Chiropsella bronzie and the optics of the lens eyes in this species. One aim of this study is to distinguish between general cubozoan features and species-specific features in the layout and optics of the eyes. We find that both types of lens eyes are more severely under-focused in C. bronzie than those in the previously investigated species Tripedalia cystophora. In the lower lens-eye of C. bronzie, blur circles subtend 20 and 52 degrees for closed and open pupil, respectively, effectively removing all but the coarsest structures of the image. Histology reveals that the retina of the lower lens-eye, in addition to pigmented photoreceptors, also contains long pigment-cells, with both dark and white pigment, where the dark pigment migrates on light/dark adaptation. Unlike the upper lens-eye lens of T.cystophora, the same eye in C.bronzie did not display any significant optical power.
立方水母共有24只眼睛，分属四种形态不同的类型。其中两种眼型为针孔型眼（上透镜眼和下透镜眼），另外两种眼型则是较为简单的色素窝眼（窝眼和裂隙眼）。在此，我们描述了青铜色 Chironex fleckeri 箱形水母的视觉系统以及该物种中透镜眼的光学特性。本研究的一个目的是区分立方水母在眼睛布局和光学方面的一般特征与物种特异性特征。我们发现，与之前研究的三腕幼虫 Tripedalia cystophora 相比，青铜色 Chironex fleckeri 的两种透镜眼的欠焦情况更为严重。在青铜色 Chironex fleckeri 的下透镜眼中，闭合和开放瞳孔时的模糊圈分别为20度和52度，有效地消除了图像中除最粗糙结构之外的所有信息。组织学研究表明，下透镜眼的视网膜除了有色素感光细胞外，还含有长色素细胞，这些细胞既有深色色素也有白色色素，其中深色色素在光/暗适应时会发生迁移。与三腕幼虫 Tripedalia cystophora 的上透镜眼不同，青铜色 Chironex fleckeri 同一眼睛的上透镜眼未显示出任何显著的屈光力。
