Ndetei David M, Khasakhala Lincoln I, Ongecha-Owuor Francisca A, Kuria Mary W, Mutiso Victoria, Kokonya Donald A
University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
Subst Abus. 2009 Apr-Jun;30(2):182-90. doi: 10.1080/08897070902802125.
Alcoholism and other substance abuse continue to be a problem among younger and older populations. The prevalence of substance abuse has only been studied among outpatients and in limited samples of inpatients in Kenya. This study therefore aimed to establish patterns of substance abuse in patients admitted in general medical facilities in Kenya. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) were used to measure the prevalence of substance abuse among patients in 10 medical facilities in Kenya. Data were collected over a 4-week period in November 2005. The overall alcohol user rate using the two instruments was 25.1% and 25.5%, respectively. All the patients who used alcohol exhibited pathological use, which bordered from harmful use to dependence. Apart from alcohol, other abused substances included tobacco, cannabis, cocaine, amphetamines/khat, and sedatives. The clinicians' pick rate for substance use in general hospitals was negligible. These findings suggest the need for specific enquiry for substance abuse in patients in general medical facilities.
酗酒和其他药物滥用在年轻人和老年人中仍然是个问题。药物滥用的患病率仅在肯尼亚的门诊患者以及有限的住院患者样本中进行过研究。因此，本研究旨在确定肯尼亚综合医疗设施中住院患者的药物滥用模式。使用酒精使用障碍识别测试（AUDIT）和酒精、吸烟及药物使用筛查测试（ASSIST）来测量肯尼亚10家医疗设施中患者的药物滥用患病率。数据于2005年11月的4周内收集。使用这两种工具得出的总体饮酒使用率分别为25.1%和25.5%。所有饮酒的患者均表现出病理性使用，范围从有害使用到依赖。除酒精外，其他滥用物质包括烟草、大麻、可卡因、苯丙胺/巧茶和镇静剂。综合医院临床医生对药物使用的检出率微乎其微。这些发现表明，有必要对综合医疗设施中的患者进行药物滥用的专项询问。
