Akazawa Hiroshi, Komuro Issei
Division of Cardiovascular Pathophysiology, Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine.
Nihon Rinsho. 2009 Apr;67(4):687-94.
The octapeptide angiotensin II (AngII) plays a homeostatic role in the regulation of blood pressure and water and electrolyte balance, and contributes to the progression of cardiovascular remodeling. AngII activates AngII type 1 (AT1) receptor and type 2 (AT2) receptor, both of which belong to the seven-transmembrane, G protein-coupled receptor family. Most of the actions of AngII such as promotion of cellular proliferation, hypertrophy, and fibrosis are mediated by AT1 receptor. However, in some pathological situations, AT2 receptor showed an increase in expression level and functions to antagonize the actions by AT1 receptor stimulation. Recent studies have advanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying receptor activation and signal transduction, and elucidated the pathophysiological roles of AT1 and AT2 receptors in the cardiovascular system.
八肽血管紧张素II（AngII）在血压调节以及水和电解质平衡中发挥稳态作用，并促进心血管重塑的进展。AngII激活1型血管紧张素II（AT1）受体和2型（AT2）受体，这两种受体均属于七跨膜G蛋白偶联受体家族。AngII的大多数作用，如促进细胞增殖、肥大和纤维化，均由AT1受体介导。然而，在某些病理情况下，AT2受体的表达水平会升高，其功能是拮抗AT1受体刺激所产生的作用。最近的研究加深了我们对受体激活和信号转导潜在分子机制的理解，并阐明了AT1和AT2受体在心血管系统中的病理生理作用。
