Son Hyo-Kyung, Kam Sin, Park Ki-Soo, Kim Jang-Rak, Kim Rock-Bum, Park Sun-Kyun
Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Korea.
J Prev Med Public Health. 2009 Mar;42(2):109-16. doi: 10.3961/jpmph.2009.42.2.109.
This study was performed to evaluate the relationships between psychosocial characteristics and changes in the stage of breast cancer screening behavior.
The 474 study subjects were randomly sampled from 21,459 women (age range, 40-70 years) who were eligible for the Korean National Cancer Screening Program in 2006 in Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do. The information, including behaviors and sociodemographic characteristics, attitudes, subjective norms and self-efficacy, was collected by trained interviewers via home visits. The breast cancer screening stages were grouped as precontemplation, contemplation, action, maintenance and relapse, according to Rakowski.
Of the 474 women, 18.8% were in the precontemplation stage, 23.3% were in the contemplation stage, 13.1% were in the action stage, 36.6% were in the maintenance stage, and 8.2% were in the relapse stage. The distribution of stages was associated with attitude, subjective norms and self-efficacy (p for trend<0.01). To investigate the overall relationship between the variables, we conducted a linear structural equation model analysis based on the theory of planned behavior. The subjective norms and self-efficacy influenced the stage of the women's screening behavior.
We should target on self-efficacy about the screening behavior of women by performing timely, thoughtful interventions. The support from family members, friends and other people is crucial for women to undergo breast cancer screening and to improve the breast cancer screening rate.
本研究旨在评估心理社会特征与乳腺癌筛查行为阶段变化之间的关系。
474名研究对象是从2006年韩国庆尚南道晋州符合韩国国家癌症筛查计划条件的21459名女性（年龄范围40 - 70岁）中随机抽取的。包括行为、社会人口学特征、态度、主观规范和自我效能等信息由经过培训的访谈员通过家访收集。根据拉科夫斯基的分类，乳腺癌筛查阶段分为前意向阶段、意向阶段、行动阶段、维持阶段和复发阶段。
在474名女性中，18.8%处于前意向阶段，23.3%处于意向阶段，13.1%处于行动阶段，36.6%处于维持阶段，8.2%处于复发阶段。各阶段分布与态度、主观规范和自我效能相关（趋势p<0.01）。为了研究变量之间的总体关系，我们基于计划行为理论进行了线性结构方程模型分析。主观规范和自我效能影响了女性的筛查行为阶段。
我们应通过及时、周到的干预来针对女性筛查行为的自我效能。家庭成员、朋友和其他人的支持对于女性进行乳腺癌筛查及提高乳腺癌筛查率至关重要。
