Zhu X-G, Cheng S-Y
Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4264, USA.
Horm Metab Res. 2009 Jun;41(6):488-99. doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1215572. Epub 2009 Apr 8.
Thyroid carcinomas, the most common endocrine tumors in humans, have an increasing incidence in the U.S. and worldwide. There are four major types of thyroid cancers: papillary, follicular, anaplastic, and medullary carcinomas. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the identification of genetic alterations in thyroid carcinomas, particularly, papillary and medullary thyroid cancers. Mouse models of thyroid cancer are valuable tools in elucidating molecular genetic changes underlying thyroid carcinogenesis and in identifying potential molecular targets for therapeutic intervention. Representative mouse models of papillary, follicular, and medullary carcinomas are reviewed here with particular emphasis on those for follicular thyroid carcinomas. Challenges for further development in the modeling of thyroid cancer will also be discussed.
甲状腺癌是人类最常见的内分泌肿瘤，在美国和全球范围内其发病率都在上升。甲状腺癌主要有四种类型：乳头状癌、滤泡状癌、未分化癌和髓样癌。近年来，在甲状腺癌，尤其是乳头状和髓样甲状腺癌的基因改变识别方面取得了重大进展。甲状腺癌小鼠模型是阐明甲状腺癌发生的分子遗传变化以及识别治疗干预潜在分子靶点的宝贵工具。本文综述了乳头状癌、滤泡状癌和髓样癌的代表性小鼠模型，特别强调了滤泡状甲状腺癌的模型。还将讨论甲状腺癌建模进一步发展面临的挑战。
