Menant Jasmine C, Steele Julie R, Menz Hylton B, Munro Bridget J, Lord Stephen R
Prince of Wales Medical Research Institute and University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia.
Gait Posture. 2009 Jul;30(1):65-70. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2009.03.003. Epub 2009 Apr 8.
The aim of this study was to systematically investigate the influence of various walking surfaces and footwear characteristics on the ability to terminate gait rapidly in 10 young and 26 older people. Subjects walked at a self-selected speed in eight randomized shoe conditions (standard versus elevated heel, soft sole, hard sole, high-collar, flared sole, bevelled heel and tread sole) on three surfaces: control, irregular and wet. In response to an audible cue, subjects were required to stop as quickly as possible in three out of eight walking trials in each condition. Time to last foot contact, total stopping time, stopping distance, number of steps to stop, step length and step width post-cue and base of support length at total stop were calculated from kinematic data collected using two CODA scanner units. The older subjects took more time and a longer distance to last foot contact and were more frequently classified as using a three or more-steps stopping strategy compared to the young subjects. The wet surface impeded gait termination, as indicated by greater total stopping time and stopping distance. Subjects required more time to terminate gait in the soft sole shoes compared to the standard shoes. In contrast, the high-collar shoes reduced total stopping time on the wet surface. These findings suggest that older adults have more difficulty terminating gait rapidly than their younger counterparts and that footwear is likely to influence whole-body stability during challenging postural tasks on wet surfaces.
本研究旨在系统调查不同行走路面和鞋类特征对10名年轻人和26名老年人快速终止步态能力的影响。受试者在三种路面（对照路面、不平整路面和湿滑路面）上，以自我选择的速度在八种随机的鞋子条件下行走（标准鞋与高跟鞋、软底鞋、硬底鞋、高帮鞋、喇叭形鞋底鞋、斜跟鞋和防滑鞋底鞋）。在每种条件下的八次行走试验中，有三次试验要求受试者听到声音提示后尽快停下。根据使用两个CODA扫描仪单元收集的运动学数据，计算出最后一次脚接触的时间、总停止时间、停止距离、停止步数、提示后步长和步宽以及完全停止时的支撑基底长度。与年轻受试者相比，老年受试者到达最后一次脚接触的时间更长、距离更远，并且更频繁地被归类为采用三步或更多步的停止策略。如总停止时间和停止距离更长所示，湿滑路面阻碍了步态终止。与标准鞋相比，受试者在软底鞋中终止步态需要更多时间。相比之下，高帮鞋减少了在湿滑路面上的总停止时间。这些发现表明，老年人比年轻人更难快速终止步态，并且在湿滑路面上具有挑战性的姿势任务中，鞋类可能会影响全身稳定性。
