Hübner S, Höffken M, Oren E, Haseneyer G, Stein N, Graner A, Schmid K, Fridman E
The RH Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The RH Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
Mol Ecol. 2009 Apr;18(7):1523-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2009.04106.x.
In this study, we present the genetic analysis of a new collection of wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) using 42 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers that represent the seven chromosomes. The Barley1K (B1K) infrastructure consists of 1020 accessions collected in a hierarchical sampling mode (HSM) from 51 sites across Israel and represents the wide adaptive niche of the modern barley's ancestor. According to the genetic structure analysis, the sampled sites can be divided into seven groups, and sampled microsites located on opposing slopes or in different soil types did not show significant genetic differentiation. Although the genetic analysis indicates a simple isolation-by-distance model among the populations, examination of the genetic populations' structure with abiotic parameters in an ordination analysis revealed that the combination of elevation, mid-day temperature and rainfall explains a high proportion of the variance in the principal components analysis. Our findings demonstrate that the current populations have therefore been shaped and distinguished by non-selective forces such as migration; however, we suggest that aridity and temperature gradients played major roles as selective forces in the adaptation of wild barley in this part of the Fertile Crescent. This unique collection is a prelude for the investigation of the molecular basis underlying plant adaptation and responsiveness to harsh environments.
在本研究中，我们使用代表七条染色体的42个简单序列重复（SSR）标记，对一组新的野生大麦（Hordeum spontaneum）进行了遗传分析。大麦1K（B1K）种质库由1020份材料组成，这些材料以分层抽样模式（HSM）从以色列各地的51个地点收集而来，代表了现代大麦祖先广泛的适应生态位。根据遗传结构分析，采样地点可分为七组，位于相对山坡或不同土壤类型中的采样微地点未显示出明显的遗传分化。虽然遗传分析表明种群间存在简单的距离隔离模型，但在排序分析中对遗传种群结构与非生物参数进行检验发现，海拔、中午温度和降雨量的组合在主成分分析中解释了很大比例的方差。我们的研究结果表明，当前的种群因此受到了诸如迁移等非选择性力量的塑造和区分；然而，我们认为干旱和温度梯度在新月沃地这一地区野生大麦的适应过程中作为选择性力量发挥了主要作用。这个独特的种质库是研究植物适应和对恶劣环境响应的分子基础的前奏。
