Jeitner Thomas M, Pinto John T, Krasnikov Boris F, Horswill Mark, Cooper Arthur J L
Red Anvil, LLC, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
J Neurochem. 2009 May;109 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):160-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.05843.x.
Transglutaminases (TGs) are Ca2+-dependent enzymes that catalyze a variety of modifications of glutaminyl (Q) residues. In the brain, these modifications include the covalent attachment of a number of amine-bearing compounds, including lysyl (K) residues and polyamines, which serve to either regulate enzyme activity or attach the TG substrates to biological matrices. Aberrant TG activity is thought to contribute to Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, Huntington disease, and supranuclear palsy. Strategies designed to interfere with TG activity have some benefit in animal models of Huntington and Parkinson diseases. The following review summarizes the involvement of TGs in neurodegenerative diseases and discusses the possible use of selective inhibitors as therapeutic agents in these diseases.
转谷氨酰胺酶(TGs)是一类依赖钙离子的酶,可催化谷氨酰胺(Q)残基的多种修饰。在大脑中,这些修饰包括许多含胺化合物的共价连接,其中包括赖氨酸(K)残基和多胺,它们要么用于调节酶活性,要么将TG底物附着于生物基质。TG活性异常被认为与阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、亨廷顿病和核上性麻痹有关。旨在干扰TG活性的策略在亨廷顿病和帕金森病的动物模型中具有一定益处。以下综述总结了TGs在神经退行性疾病中的作用,并讨论了选择性抑制剂作为这些疾病治疗药物的潜在用途。