Hayes Jennifer L, Fox Michelle C
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburg, PA 15213, USA.
Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Jun;52(2):171-8. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0b013e3181a2b3cd.
Dilation and evacuation, the most common method performed for second-trimester abortion in the United States, requires sufficient cervical dilation to reduce the risk of complications such as cervical laceration or uterine perforation. The cervix may be prepared with osmotic dilators such as laminaria, Lamicel, or Dilapan-S, or with pharmacologic agents such as misoprostol. Dilapan-S and Lamicel achieve their maximum dilation faster than laminaria, making same-day procedures possible. Misoprostol has limited data supporting its use in this setting. Decisions regarding which method is best are clinician-dependent, and factors such as gestational age and time allowed for preparation should be considered.
扩张和排空术是美国妊娠中期堕胎最常用的方法,需要充分扩张宫颈以降低诸如宫颈撕裂或子宫穿孔等并发症的风险。宫颈可使用诸如海藻棒、Lamicel或Dilapan-S等渗透性扩张器,或使用诸如米索前列醇等药物制剂进行预处理。Dilapan-S和Lamicel比海藻棒能更快达到最大扩张效果,从而使当日手术成为可能。米索前列醇在这种情况下使用的数据有限。关于哪种方法最佳的决定取决于临床医生,并且应考虑诸如孕周和准备时间等因素。