Virkkula Tarja, Kantomaa Tuomo, Julku Johanna, Pirttiniemi Pertti
Department of Orthodontics and Oral Development, Institute of Dentistry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2009 May;135(5):586-96. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2007.05.024.
The purpose of this longitudinal randomized investigation was to determine the long-term changes in the soft-tissue profile during orthodontic treatment when treatment is started with headgear (HG) in the early mixed dentition.
The subjects were 68 children (28 girls, 40 boys; mean age, 7.6 years; SD, 0.3 years) with a Class II tendency in occlusion and moderate crowding. They were randomly divided into 2 groups. In the HG group, treatment began immediately. No other appliances were used during the first 2 years. In the control group, only minor interceptive procedures were performed during the first follow-up period of 2 years. During the 8-year follow-up, orthodontic treatment, if needed, comprised fixed appliances and possible extractions in both groups. Twenty linear and 5 angular soft-tissue measurements were registered from lateral cephalograms taken before treatment and after follow-up-periods of 2, 4, and 8 years.
The major findings were that, at the 8-year follow-up, the soft-tissue chin and the lower lip were significantly thicker, and the mentolabial sulcus was significantly deeper in the HG group than in the control group. In the control group, a larger variation in the upper lip position was found because of more extractions in this group.
Early HG treatment has only a minor effect on the soft-tissue profile. The main effects are on the thickness of the soft-tissue chin and the contour of the lower lip. The differences were not otherwise significant during the long-term follow-up.
这项纵向随机研究的目的是确定在乳牙混合早期开始使用头帽（HG）进行正畸治疗时软组织侧貌的长期变化。
研究对象为68名有安氏II类错牙合倾向且伴有中度牙列拥挤的儿童（28名女孩，40名男孩；平均年龄7.6岁；标准差0.3岁）。他们被随机分为两组。HG组立即开始治疗。在最初的两年中未使用其他矫治器。对照组在最初的两年随访期内仅进行了轻微的阻断性治疗。在8年的随访期间，如有需要，两组的正畸治疗均包括固定矫治器和可能的拔牙。从治疗前以及随访2年、4年和8年后拍摄的头颅侧位片上记录了20项线性和5项角度的软组织测量数据。
主要发现是，在8年随访时，HG组的软组织颏部和下唇明显更厚，颏唇沟明显更深，高于对照组。在对照组中，由于该组拔牙较多，上唇位置的变化更大。
早期HG治疗对软组织侧貌的影响较小。主要影响在于软组织颏部的厚度和下唇的形态。在长期随访期间，其他方面的差异不显著。
