Leigh J Paul, Du Juan
From the Center for Healthcare Policy and Research and Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, MS1C, Davis, CA 95616-5270, USA.
J Occup Environ Med. 2009 Jun;51(6):661-71. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31819f1d85.
Little is known about statistical associations between occupation and hypertension for persons more than age 65.
We analyzed cross-sectional data from the 2004 Health and Retirement Survey. We drew 12 gender-specific sub-samples (age 65+; age 70+; age 75+) who reported at least 1 year or 10 years tenure in the same occupation. For 65+ with at least 1 year tenure, n = 3645 men and n = 3644 women. Hypertension was self-reported based on physician diagnosis. Logistic regressions controlled for demographic variables and risk factors.
After adjusting for control variables, including education, race, income, smoking, drinking, body mass, and number of comorbidities, the following occupations were significantly (P < 0.05) more likely than managers to report hypertension in at least two of the six sub-samples for women: professionals, salespeople, private household cleaning service workers, and personal service workers. Statistically significant occupations in at least two of the six sub-samples for men included: salespersons, personal service workers, mechanics, construction trades, precisions production workers, and operators.
Current and especially pre-retirement occupations were risk factors for hypertension among seniors.
对于65岁以上人群，职业与高血压之间的统计关联知之甚少。
我们分析了2004年健康与退休调查的横断面数据。我们抽取了12个特定性别的子样本（65岁及以上；70岁及以上；75岁及以上），这些样本报告在同一职业中至少工作了1年或10年。对于65岁及以上且至少工作1年的人群，男性有3645人，女性有3644人。高血压是根据医生诊断自我报告的。逻辑回归控制了人口统计学变量和风险因素。
在对包括教育程度、种族、收入、吸烟、饮酒、体重指数和合并症数量等控制变量进行调整后，在六个子样本中的至少两个样本中，以下职业的女性报告高血压的可能性显著高于经理（P < 0.05）：专业人员、销售人员、私人家庭清洁服务工人和个人服务工人。在六个子样本中的至少两个样本中，男性的统计学显著职业包括：销售人员、个人服务工人、机械师、建筑行业工人、精密生产工人和操作员。
当前职业，尤其是退休前的职业是老年人患高血压的风险因素。
