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残油燃烧:2. 纽约市空气中镍和钒的分布。

Residual oil combustion: 2. Distributions of airborne nickel and vanadium within New York City.

机构信息

Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 57 Old Forge Road, Tuxedo, New York 10987, USA.

出版信息

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2010 Jun;20(4):342-50. doi: 10.1038/jes.2009.28. Epub 2009 May 13.

Abstract

In an earlier paper based on PM(2.5) speciation network data, we showed that nickel (Ni) concentrations were much higher in New York City (NYC) than in New Jersey (NJ) and Connecticut (CT), and that the NYC levels, but not those in NJ and CT, were much higher in the winter than in summer. However, all of the speciation sites in NYC were in the northern half of the city. To determine the distributions of Ni and other PM(2.5) components within NYC, we collected 8-weeklong filter samples at 10 sites throughout NYC in both winter and summer, and measured the concentrations of the elements by X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The resulting data, together with speciation network site data, were used to construct seasonal average concentration isopleth maps for Ni and vanadium (V). As expected, Ni was much higher in Bronx than in Brooklyn, and much higher in winter than in summer. By contrast, V was higher in Brooklyn than in Bronx, and the winter and summer levels were similar. It appears that space-heating boilers are the major source category for Ni in NYC, whereas the Port of New York is the major source of V.

摘要

在之前一篇基于 PM(2.5) 形态网络数据的论文中,我们表明,镍 (Ni) 浓度在纽约市 (NYC) 远高于新泽西州 (NJ) 和康涅狄格州 (CT),而且 NYC 的浓度,而不是 NJ 和 CT 的浓度,在冬季比夏季高得多。然而,NYC 的所有形态分布点都在城市的北部。为了确定 Ni 和其他 PM(2.5) 成分在 NYC 内的分布情况,我们在冬季和夏季在 NYC 的 10 个地点收集了为期 8 周的过滤器样本,并通过 X 射线荧光 (XRF) 测量了元素的浓度。这些数据连同形态网络站点数据一起,被用于构建 Ni 和钒 (V) 的季节性平均浓度等浓度线图。正如预期的那样,Ni 在 Bronx 比在 Brooklyn 高得多,在冬季比在夏季高得多。相比之下,V 在 Brooklyn 比在 Bronx 高,冬季和夏季的水平相似。看来,供暖锅炉是 NYC 中 Ni 的主要来源类别,而纽约港是 V 的主要来源。

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