Molina Juan D, López-Muñoz Francisco, Stein Dan J, Martín-Vázquez María José, Alamo Cecilio, Lerma-Carrillo Iván, Andrade-Rosa Cristina, Sánchez-López María V, de la Calle-Real Mario
Acute Inpatient Unit Coordinator, Dr. R. Lafora Psychiatric Hospital, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo, Km. 13,800, Madrid 28049, Spain.
Med Hypotheses. 2009 Sep;73(3):382-6. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2009.03.024. Epub 2009 May 13.
A number of authors have provided a useful evolutionary perspective on personality disorders, arguing that personality traits can be conceptualized in terms of evolutionary strategies. If we consider personality traits not as illnesses but as stable evolutionary strategies, the characteristic features of borderline personality disorder may respond to a behavioral pattern which, although deviating from the norm, would be in the service of survival of the species. Early environments involving factors such as childhood physical/sexual abuse may prove useful for explanation of personality traits based on gene-environment interaction, potentially providing a model for understanding borderline personality traits. We also review the question of whether personality traits exist in animals to also provide a translational perspective. We propose that certain traits in borderline personality disorder may derive from evolved mechanisms which in the short-term serve to help respond to adversity, but which when activated in an ongoing way prove maladaptive.
许多作者从有益的进化角度探讨了人格障碍，认为人格特质可以根据进化策略来概念化。如果我们不把人格特质视为疾病，而是视为稳定的进化策略，那么边缘型人格障碍的特征可能对应于一种行为模式，这种行为模式虽然偏离常规，但却有利于物种的生存。涉及童年身体/性虐待等因素的早期环境，可能有助于基于基因-环境相互作用来解释人格特质，从而有可能为理解边缘型人格特质提供一个模型。我们还审视了动物是否存在人格特质的问题，以提供一个转化视角。我们提出，边缘型人格障碍的某些特质可能源自进化机制，这些机制在短期内有助于应对逆境，但如果持续激活则会产生适应不良的后果。
