Grover Paramjit, Singh S P, Prabhakar P V, Reddy Utkarsh A, Balasubramanyam A, Mahboob M, Rahman M F, Misra Sunil
Toxicology Unit, Biology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 607, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2009 Aug;47(8):1964-71. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.05.013. Epub 2009 May 18.
Widespread use of pesticides represents a potential risk to human and environmental health. Hence, biopesticides from plants are some of the future strategies for plant protection. In this regard, a seed extract of Annona squamosa was prepared and found to be a promising pesticide. In order to establish the inherent toxicity and non-target safety required for registration and marketing of pesticides, toxicological studies are conducted. The genotoxicity potential was evaluated in rats with 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg Annona squamosa by the comet assay in leucocytes, micronucleus and chromosomal aberration tests in bone marrow. We also studied the effects of 300 mg/kg of extract on lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione level and glutathione S transferase activity in liver, lungs, brain, kidneys, heart and spleen of treated rats. The comet assay showed a statistically significant dose related increase in DNA migration. The micronucleus and chromosomal aberration tests revealed a significant induction in frequency of micronuclei and chromosomal aberrations at 150 and 300 mg/kg. Annona squamosa treatment significantly enhanced lipid peroxidation, decreased glutathione and glutathione S transferase levels revealing the oxidative stress condition. Our results warrant careful use of Annona squamosa seed extract as a biopesticide till more tests are carried out.
农药的广泛使用对人类和环境健康构成潜在风险。因此，植物源生物农药是未来植物保护的一些策略。在这方面，制备了番荔枝种子提取物，并发现它是一种有前景的农药。为了确定农药注册和销售所需的内在毒性和非靶标安全性，开展了毒理学研究。通过白细胞彗星试验、骨髓微核试验和染色体畸变试验，以75、150和300mg/kg的番荔枝对大鼠的遗传毒性潜力进行了评估。我们还研究了300mg/kg提取物对受试大鼠肝脏、肺、脑、肾、心脏和脾脏脂质过氧化、还原型谷胱甘肽水平和谷胱甘肽S转移酶活性的影响。彗星试验显示DNA迁移呈剂量相关的统计学显著增加。微核试验和染色体畸变试验显示，在150和300mg/kg时微核频率和染色体畸变有显著诱导。番荔枝处理显著增强脂质过氧化，降低谷胱甘肽和谷胱甘肽S转移酶水平，揭示了氧化应激状态。我们的结果表明，在进行更多测试之前，应谨慎使用番荔枝种子提取物作为生物农药。
