Stairs Dustin J, Bardo Michael T
Creighton University, Department of Psychology, USA.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2009 May;92(3):377-82. doi: 10.1016/j.pbb.2009.01.016. Epub 2009 Jan 31.
Environmental enrichment during development produces a host of neurobehavioral effects in preclinical models. Early work demonstrated that enrichment enhances learning of a variety of behavioral tasks in rats and these changes are associated with neural changes in various cortical regions. In addition to promoting superior learning, more recent evidence suggests that environmental enrichment also has a protective effect in reducing drug abuse vulnerability. The current review describes some of the most important environment-dependent neural changes in reward-relevant brain structures and summarizes some of the key findings from the extensive literature showing how enrichment decreases the impact of drugs of abuse. Some critical neural mechanisms that may mediate the behavioral changes are postulated, along with some notes of caution about the limitations of the work cited.
发育过程中的环境丰富化在临床前模型中会产生一系列神经行为效应。早期研究表明，丰富化环境可增强大鼠对各种行为任务的学习能力，且这些变化与不同皮质区域的神经变化相关。除了促进卓越的学习能力外，最新证据表明，环境丰富化在降低药物滥用易感性方面也具有保护作用。本综述描述了奖励相关脑结构中一些最重要的依赖于环境的神经变化，并总结了大量文献中的一些关键发现，这些发现表明丰富化环境如何降低滥用药物的影响。文中还假设了一些可能介导行为变化的关键神经机制，并对所引用研究的局限性提出了一些注意事项。
