Alloway Tracy Packiam, Gathercole Susan Elizabeth, Kirkwood Hannah, Elliott Julian
Department of Psychology, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK.
Child Dev. 2009 Mar-Apr;80(2):606-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01282.x.
This study explored the cognitive and behavioral profiles of children with working memory impairments. In an initial screening of 3,189 five- to eleven-year-olds, 308 were identified as having very low working memory scores. Cognitive skills (IQ, vocabulary, reading, and math), classroom behavior, and self-esteem were assessed. The majority of the children struggled in the learning measures and verbal ability. They also obtained atypically high ratings of cognitive problems/inattentive symptoms and were judged to have short attention spans, high levels of distractibility, problems in monitoring the quality of their work, and difficulties in generating new solutions to problems. These data provide rich new information on the cognitive and behavioral profiles that characterize children with low working memory.
本研究探讨了工作记忆受损儿童的认知和行为特征。在对3189名5至11岁儿童的初步筛查中，有308名儿童被确定为工作记忆得分极低。对他们的认知技能（智商、词汇、阅读和数学）、课堂行为和自尊进行了评估。大多数儿童在学习测评和语言能力方面存在困难。他们在认知问题/注意力不集中症状方面的评分也异常高，被判定注意力持续时间短、易分心、在监控作业质量方面存在问题，以及在提出新的问题解决方案方面存在困难。这些数据为低工作记忆儿童的认知和行为特征提供了丰富的新信息。
