Crevier-Denoix N, Pourcelot P, Ravary B, Robin D, Falala S, Uzel S, Grison A C, Valette J P, Denoix J M, Chateau H
UMR INRA-ENVA 957 de Biomécanique et Pathologie Locomotrice du Cheval, Ecole Vétérinaire d'Alfort, 7 avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94704 Maisons-Alfort Cedex, France.
Equine Vet J. 2009 Mar;41(3):257-61. doi: 10.2746/042516409x394445.
Although track surfaces are a risk factor of tendon injuries, their effects on tendon loading at high speed are unknown. Using a noninvasive ultrasonic technique, it is now possible to evaluate the forces in the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) in exercise conditions.
To compare the effects of an all-weather waxed track (W) vs. a crushed sand track (S), on the SDFT loading in the trotter horse at high speed.
Two trotter horses were equipped with the ultrasonic device (1 MHz ultrasonic probe, fixed on the palmar metacarpal area of the right forelimb). For each trial, data acquisition was made at 400 Hz and 10 consecutive strides were analysed. In each session, the 2 track surfaces were tested in a straight line. The speed was imposed at 10 m/s and recorded. The right forelimb was also equipped with a dynamometric horseshoe and skin markers. The horse was filmed with a high-speed camera (600 Hz); all recordings were synchronised. Statistical differences were tested using the GLM procedure (SAS; P < 0.05).
Maximal tendon force was significantly lower on W compared with S. In addition to maximal force peaks around mid-stance, earlier peaks were observed, more pronounced on S than on W, at about 13% (horse 2) and 30% (both horses) of the stance phase. Comparison with kinematic data revealed that these early peaks were accompanied by plateaux in the fetlock angle-time chart. For high tendon forces, the tendon maximal loading rate was significantly lower on W than on S. CONCLUSIONS AND POTENTIAL CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The all-weather waxed track appears to induce a lesser and more gradual SDFT loading than crushed sand. The SDFT loading pattern at high speed trot suggests proximal interphalangeal joint movements during limb loading.
尽管跑道表面是肌腱损伤的一个风险因素，但其对高速运动时肌腱负荷的影响尚不清楚。利用一种非侵入性超声技术，现在可以在运动条件下评估指浅屈肌腱（SDFT）中的力。
比较全天候打蜡跑道（W）和碎砂跑道（S）对快步马高速运动时SDFT负荷的影响。
两匹快步马配备超声装置（1MHz超声探头，固定在右前肢掌掌骨区域）。每次试验时，以400Hz进行数据采集，并分析连续10步。在每个试验环节中，在直线上对两种跑道表面进行测试。速度设定为10m/s并记录。右前肢还配备了测力马蹄铁和皮肤标记物。用高速摄像机（600Hz）对马进行拍摄；所有记录均同步。使用GLM程序（SAS；P<0.05）检验统计学差异。
与S相比，W上的最大肌腱力显著更低。除了在 stance 中期左右出现最大力峰值外，还观察到更早的峰值，在 stance 阶段约13%（马2）和30%（两匹马）时，S上的峰值比W上更明显。与运动学数据的比较表明，这些早期峰值伴随着系关节角度-时间图中的平台期。对于高肌腱力，W上的肌腱最大负荷率显著低于S。结论及潜在临床意义：全天候打蜡跑道似乎比碎砂跑道引起的SDFT负荷更小且更平缓。高速小跑时的SDFT负荷模式表明肢体负重期间近侧指间关节的运动。
