Spaulding Anne C, Clarke Jennifer G, Jongco Artemio M, Flanigan Timothy P
Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
J Correct Health Care. 2009 Jan;15(1):28-34; quiz 80-1. doi: 10.1177/1078345808326619.
Public health agencies can use jail as an opportunity to reach populations disproportionately affected by sexually transmitted infections (STI). The emphasis that STI control programs place on screening jail entrants varies considerably. Nine million individuals passed through U.S. jails in 2005, many in counties where STIs are rare. A pilot program of screening for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis was implemented at the intake sites for the combined jail and prison system of Rhode Island, a state with a low prevalence of STIs. Prevalence of either gonorrhea or chlamydia among detainees was 4.6%, but in women aged 25 and younger, the rate was 24 times that of similar-aged women statewide. Screening led to treatment for 22 (81%) of the infected inmates and 10 of their partners. The heterogeneity of both jail demographics and STI epidemiology suggests a need to tailor the choice of screening strategy to local conditions.
公共卫生机构可以利用监狱这一契机，接触那些受性传播感染（STI）影响尤为严重的人群。性传播感染控制项目对入狱人员筛查的重视程度差异很大。2005年，900万人进出美国监狱，其中许多人所在的县性传播感染病例很少见。罗德岛州的性传播感染患病率较低，该州在监狱和监狱合并系统的接收点实施了一项针对淋病奈瑟菌和沙眼衣原体的筛查试点项目。被拘留者中淋病或衣原体感染的患病率为4.6%，但在25岁及以下的女性中，这一比率是该州同龄女性的24倍。筛查使得22名（81%）受感染囚犯及其10名伴侣得到了治疗。监狱人口统计学和性传播感染流行病学的异质性表明，需要根据当地情况调整筛查策略的选择。
