Kurugöl Zafer, Koturoğlu Güldane, Akşit Sadik, Ozacar Tijen, Kayimbaşoğlu Sidika, Ozbalikçi Sonay, Erçal Gülten, Güllüelli Emine, Bakkaloğlu Figen, Doğan Ertan, Garabli Hasan, Erçal Hüseyin, Mert Cemal
Department of Pediatrics, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
Turk J Pediatr. 2009 Mar-Apr;51(2):120-6.
This study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the Turkish population in Northern Cyprus. The secondary aim of this study was to assess the impact of the universal infant hepatitis B vaccination program, which started in 1998. A total of 600 persons 1- to 30-years-old were selected for the study with cluster sampling. The information on sociodemographic characteristics was gathered for each participant and in 585 of them, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-hepatitis B surface antigen antibody (anti-HBs) and anticore antibody (anti-HBc) were tested. The overall prevalence of anti-HBc and HBsAg carriage was 13.2% and 0.85%, respectively. Old age and low parental educational level were the major independent risk factors for HBV transmission. Seroprevalence of both anti-HBc and anti-HBs antibodies was similar in children 1-7 years of age. After 8 years of age, anti-HBc seroprevalence increased significantly with age, while anti-HBs prevalence decreased (p<0.001). Anti-HBc prevalence increased from 7.0% in children aged 1-7 years to 17.9% in persons aged 16-20 years. None of the children under 12 years of age were HBsAg-positive, while 1.9% of persons aged 16-20 years were HBsAg carriers. Anti-HBs seroprevalence exceeding 90% was found in the cohorts targeted by the routine hepatitis B vaccination program, whereas 36.4% of young adults aged 21-30 years were anti-HBs-positive. The study shows that universal infant hepatitis B immunization has a substantial impact on the immunity in children. However, prevalence of HBV infection is still high in adolescent and young adults in Northern Cyprus. Therefore, catch-up immunization for these groups will help to reduce hepatitis B transmission.
本研究旨在确定北塞浦路斯土耳其人群中乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染的血清流行率。本研究的次要目的是评估始于1998年的婴儿乙型肝炎普遍疫苗接种计划的影响。采用整群抽样法共选取了600名1至30岁的人员进行研究。收集了每位参与者的社会人口学特征信息，并对其中585人检测了乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）、抗乙型肝炎表面抗原抗体（抗-HBs）和抗核心抗体（抗-HBc）。抗-HBc携带率和HBsAg携带率总体分别为13.2%和0.85%。年龄较大和父母教育水平较低是HBV传播的主要独立危险因素。1至7岁儿童中抗-HBc和抗-HBs抗体的血清流行率相似。8岁以后，抗-HBc血清流行率随年龄显著增加，而抗-HBs流行率下降（p<0.001）。抗-HBc流行率从1至7岁儿童的7.0%增至16至20岁人群的17.9%。12岁以下儿童均无HBsAg阳性，而16至20岁人群中有1.9%为HBsAg携带者。在常规乙型肝炎疫苗接种计划针对的队列中，抗-HBs血清流行率超过90%，而21至30岁的年轻成年人中有36.4%抗-HBs呈阳性。该研究表明，婴儿乙型肝炎普遍免疫对儿童免疫力有重大影响。然而，北塞浦路斯青少年和年轻成年人中HBV感染率仍然很高。因此，对这些人群进行补种疫苗将有助于减少乙型肝炎传播。
