IFV - Institut Français de la Vigne et du Vin, Tours Cedex, France.
J Appl Microbiol. 2009 Oct;107(4):1208-18. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04309.x. Epub 2009 Apr 17.
Some fungi present on the surface of grapes may have a negative effect on the quality of wine. The aim of this study was to evaluate PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE), for the establishment of fungal community profiles from grapes, in order to monitor fungi potentially involved in wine defects.
A fragment of the beta-tubulin gene was amplified from filamentous fungi and yeasts described from grapes and analysed using two different denaturing gradient gels to constitute a reference database. The use of beta-tubulin sequences instead of ITS rDNA in PCR-DGGE showed a progress in the discrimination of these fungal species but comigration problems were still observed. The technique was then applied on grape samples. The profiles counted up to 10 bands of which half corresponded to species which were not recorded in the reference database.
PCR-DGGE represents a useful tool to compare environmental samples for the study of the dynamics of fungal communities, but comigrations represent a limit in its use to describe the species present.
A better knowledge of the fungal diversity on grapes, particularly species responsible for wine defect, is necessary to develop accurate molecular detection tools.
葡萄表皮存在的某些真菌可能会对葡萄酒的质量产生负面影响。本研究旨在评估 PCR-变性梯度凝胶电泳（PCR-DGGE），以建立从葡萄中提取的真菌群落图谱，从而监测可能导致葡萄酒缺陷的真菌。
从葡萄上描述的丝状真菌和酵母中扩增β-微管蛋白基因片段，并使用两种不同的变性梯度凝胶进行分析，以构成参考数据库。与 ITS rDNA 相比，PCR-DGGE 中使用β-微管蛋白序列显示出对这些真菌物种的区分能力有所提高，但仍存在共迁移问题。然后将该技术应用于葡萄样品。图谱计数多达 10 条带，其中一半与参考数据库中未记录的物种相对应。
PCR-DGGE 是一种用于比较环境样本以研究真菌群落动态的有用工具，但共迁移在描述存在的物种方面存在局限性。
为了开发准确的分子检测工具，有必要更好地了解葡萄上的真菌多样性，特别是那些导致葡萄酒缺陷的物种。
