Weiss N, Miller F, Cazaubon S, Couraud P-O
CNRS (UMR 8104), Institut Cochin, université Paris-Descartes, 22, rue Méchain, 75014 Paris, France.
Rev Neurol (Paris). 2009 Dec;165(12):1010-22. doi: 10.1016/j.neurol.2009.04.013.
The main characteristic of the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) is its extremely low permeability, due to tight intercellular endothelial junctions and a variety of transporters, which provides the brain with a unique protection against the potential toxicity of several xenobiotics, but also constitutes a major limitation to drug delivery to the central nervous system. Several dysfunctions of the BBB have been recently implicated in the pathophysiology of neurological diseases: inflammatory, vascular, tumoral, infectious and neurodegenerative diseases. Based on a better knowledge of the BBB biology, new therapeutic strategies are emerging, which by-pass the BBB or take advantage of the selective expression of membrane proteins by brain endothelial cells or circulating leucocytes to target new drugs, such as the anti-VLA4 antibody recently approved for multiple sclerosis treatment. This review will focus on the recently described BBB dysfunctions presumably involved in various neurological diseases.
血脑屏障（BBB）的主要特征是其极低的通透性，这归因于紧密的细胞间内皮连接和多种转运蛋白，它为大脑提供了独特的保护，使其免受多种外源性物质潜在毒性的影响，但同时也构成了向中枢神经系统递送药物的主要限制。血脑屏障的几种功能障碍最近被认为与神经疾病的病理生理学有关：炎症性、血管性、肿瘤性、感染性和神经退行性疾病。基于对血脑屏障生物学的更深入了解，新的治疗策略正在出现，这些策略绕过血脑屏障，或利用脑内皮细胞或循环白细胞对膜蛋白的选择性表达来靶向新药，例如最近被批准用于治疗多发性硬化症的抗VLA4抗体。本综述将聚焦于最近描述的、可能与各种神经疾病相关的血脑屏障功能障碍。
