Imbiriba Elsia Belo, Basta Paulo Cesar, Pereira Emilia dos Santos, Levino Antônio, Garnelo Luiza
Centro de Pesquisa Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manaus, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2009 May;25(5):972-84. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2009000500004.
In 2005, Amazonas State, Brazil, showed hyperendemic leprosy detection coefficients and prevalence with medium endemicity. Although this State has the largest indigenous population in Brazil, there are no data on the leprosy profile in these groups. This study aimed to describe and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of leprosy case reporting in the municipalities (counties) of Autazes, Eirunepé, and São Gabriel da Cachoeira, comparing indigenous and non-indigenous findings according to target variables. A total of 386 cases reported to SINAN from 2000 to 2005 were analyzed. Mean detection rates were 3.55, 14.94, and 2.13/10,000 (among non-indigenous) and 10.95, 1.93, and 0.78/10,000 (among indigenous peoples) in Autazes, Eirunepé, and São Gabriel da Cachoeira, respectively. Paucibacillary cases predominated among both indigenous and non-indigenous populations; however, dimorphous cases represented one-third of notifications. Despite coverage limitations and underreporting, the findings suggest that leprosy is a major public health problem for indigenous populations in Amazonas State. Classification according to race/ethnicity has been a useful tool for solving health inequalities.
2005年，巴西亚马孙州呈现出麻风病高流行区的检测系数和中等流行程度的患病率。尽管该州拥有巴西最大的原住民人口，但尚无关于这些群体麻风病情况的相关数据。本研究旨在描述和分析阿陶泽斯、埃鲁内佩和圣加布里埃尔-达卡舒埃拉等市（县）麻风病病例报告的流行病学特征，并根据目标变量比较原住民和非原住民的调查结果。对2000年至2005年向全国疾病监测信息系统（SINAN）报告的386例病例进行了分析。在阿陶泽斯、埃鲁内佩和圣加布里埃尔-达卡舒埃拉，非原住民的平均检出率分别为3.55/万、14.94/万和2.13/万，原住民的平均检出率分别为10.95/万、1.93/万和0.78/万。少菌型病例在原住民和非原住民人群中均占主导；然而，混合型病例占报告病例的三分之一。尽管存在覆盖范围限制和报告不足的情况，但研究结果表明，麻风病是亚马孙州原住民面临的一个主要公共卫生问题。按种族/族裔分类一直是解决健康不平等问题的一个有用工具。
