Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, College of Medicine of the ABC, Santo Andre, SP, Brazil.
Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2009;64(4):295-302. doi: 10.1590/s1807-59322009000400005.
S. aureus is one of the main agents of nosocomial infection and is sometimes difficult to treat with currently available active antimicrobials.
To analyze the prevalence of methicillin-susceptible S.aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) as well as the MRSA antimicrobial susceptibility profile isolated in the saliva of health professionals at a large public education hospital.
The project was approved by the research and ethics committee of the institution under study. Three samples of saliva from 340 health professionals were collected. The saliva analysis used to identify S. aureus was based on mannitol fermentation tests, catalase production, coagulase, DNAse, and lecithinase. In order to detect MRSA, samples were submitted to the disk diffusion test and the oxacillin agar screening test. In order to identify the minimum inhibitory concentration, the Etest technique was used.
The prevalence of MSSA was 43.5% (148/340), and MRSA was 4.1% (14/340). MRSA detected by the diffusion disk test, was 100% resistant to penicillin and oxacillin, 92.9% resistant to erythromycin, 57.1% resistant to clindamycin, 42.9% resistant to ciprofloxacin and 57.1% resistant to cefoxetin.
This subject is important for both the education of health professionals and for preventative measures. Standard and contact-precautions should be employed in professional practice.
金黄色葡萄球菌是医院感染的主要病原体之一，有时用目前现有的有效抗菌药物治疗比较困难。
分析大型公立教育医院医护人员唾液中分离的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）和甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）的流行情况，以及 MRSA 的抗菌药物敏感性特征。
该项目得到了研究机构伦理委员会的批准。采集了 340 名医护人员的 3 份唾液样本。用于鉴定金黄色葡萄球菌的唾液分析基于甘露醇发酵试验、触酶产生、凝固酶、DNAse 和卵磷脂酶。为了检测 MRSA，对样本进行了纸片扩散试验和苯唑西林琼脂筛选试验。为了确定最低抑菌浓度，采用了 Etest 技术。
MSSA 的流行率为 43.5%（148/340），MRSA 为 4.1%（14/340）。通过扩散盘试验检测到的 MRSA 对青霉素和苯唑西林完全耐药，对红霉素的耐药率为 92.9%，对克林霉素的耐药率为 57.1%，对环丙沙星的耐药率为 42.9%，对头孢西丁的耐药率为 57.1%。
本研究对医护人员的教育和预防措施都很重要。应在专业实践中采用标准和接触预防措施。
