Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2009 Oct;120(4):253-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01414.x. Epub 2009 May 29.
The aim of this study was to critically review the literature in order to determine if Theory of Mind (ToM) impairment can be considered a trait-marker for schizophrenia spectrum disorders and bipolar disorder (BD).
After a thorough literature search, we reviewed the empirical studies investigating ToM impairments in remitted schizophrenia patients, first episode patients, subjects at high-risk (HR) for psychosis and first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients. Studies investigating ToM impairment in other schizophrenia spectrum conditions, affective psychosis and BD were also reviewed.
ToM abnormalities exist at onset and continue throughout the course of schizophrenia, persist into remission, and while less severe, are apparent in HR populations. Mentalizing impairments are also observed in other forms of psychotic illness and BD.
Mentalizing impairment in schizophrenia spectrum disorders and BD might reflect underlying general cognitive deficits and residual symptom expression, rather than representing a specific trait-marker.
本研究旨在对文献进行批判性回顾，以确定心理理论（ToM）损伤是否可被视为精神分裂症谱系障碍和双相障碍（BD）的特征标志物。
经过全面的文献检索，我们回顾了关于缓解期精神分裂症患者、首发患者、精神病高危人群（HR）和精神分裂症患者一级亲属的 ToM 损伤的实证研究。我们还回顾了其他精神分裂症谱系障碍、情感性精神病和 BD 中 ToM 损伤的研究。
精神分裂症谱系障碍和 BD 中的心理理论异常存在于发病期，并贯穿于疾病过程，即使在缓解期，其严重程度较轻，但在 HR 人群中也很明显。心理化损伤也存在于其他形式的精神病和 BD 中。
精神分裂症谱系障碍和 BD 中的心理化损伤可能反映了潜在的一般认知缺陷和残留症状表达，而不是代表特定的特征标志物。
