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海洋食物网中与系统发育、体重和栖息地结构相关的部分。

Compartments in a marine food web associated with phylogeny, body mass, and habitat structure.

作者信息

Rezende Enrico L, Albert Eva M, Fortuna Miguel A, Bascompte Jordi

机构信息

Integrative Ecology Group, Estación Biológica de Doñana, CSIC, Américo Vespucio s/n, E-41092 Sevilla, Spain.

出版信息

Ecol Lett. 2009 Aug;12(8):779-88. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01327.x. Epub 2009 May 21.

Abstract

A long-standing question in community ecology is whether food webs are organized in compartments, where species within the same compartment interact frequently among themselves, but show fewer interactions with species from other compartments. Finding evidence for this community organization is important since compartmentalization may strongly affect food web robustness to perturbation. However, few studies have found unequivocal evidence of compartments, and none has quantified the suite of mechanisms generating such a structure. Here, we combine computational tools from the physics of complex networks with phylogenetic statistical methods to show that a large marine food web is organized in compartments, and that body size, phylogeny, and spatial structure are jointly associated with such a compartmentalized structure. Sharks account for the majority of predatory interactions within their compartments. Phylogenetically closely related shark species tend to occupy different compartments and have divergent trophic levels, suggesting that competition may play an important role structuring some of these compartments. Current overfishing of sharks has the potential to change the structural properties, which might eventually affect the stability of the food web.

摘要

群落生态学中一个长期存在的问题是食物网是否以区室形式组织,即同一区室内的物种之间频繁相互作用,但与其他区室的物种之间的相互作用较少。找到这种群落组织的证据很重要,因为区室化可能会强烈影响食物网对扰动的稳健性。然而,很少有研究发现区室的确切证据,而且没有一项研究对产生这种结构的一系列机制进行量化。在这里,我们将复杂网络物理学的计算工具与系统发育统计方法相结合,以表明一个大型海洋食物网是以区室形式组织的,并且体型、系统发育和空间结构与这种区室化结构共同相关。鲨鱼在其所在区室内的捕食相互作用中占大多数。系统发育上密切相关的鲨鱼物种往往占据不同的区室,并且具有不同的营养级,这表明竞争可能在构建其中一些区室中起重要作用。目前对鲨鱼的过度捕捞有可能改变结构特性,最终可能影响食物网的稳定性。

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