Cagnolo Luciano, Valladares Graciela, Salvo Adriana, Cabido Marcelo, Zak Marcelo
Centro de Investigaciones Entomológicas de Córdoba (IMBIV-CONICET), FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Avenida Vélez Sarsfield 1611 (X5016GCA), Cordoba, Argentina.
Conserv Biol. 2009 Oct;23(5):1167-75. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01214.x.
Not all species are likely to be equally affected by habitat fragmentation; thus, we evaluated the effects of size of forest remnants on trophically linked communities of plants, leaf-mining insects, and their parasitoids. We explored the possibility of differential vulnerability to habitat area reduction in relation to species-specific and food-web traits by comparing species-area regression slopes. Moreover, we searched for a synergistic effect of these traits and of trophic level. We collected mined leaves and recorded plant, leaf miner, and parasitoid species interactions in five 100-m2 transects in 19 Chaco Serrano woodland remnants in central Argentina. Species were classified into extreme categories according to body size, natural abundance, trophic breadth, and trophic level. Species-area slopes differed between groups with extreme values of natural abundance or trophic specialization. Nevertheless, synergistic effects of life-history and food-web traits were only found for trophic level and trophic breadth: area-related species loss was highest for specialist parasitoids. It has been suggested that species position within interaction webs could determine their vulnerability to extinction. Our results provide evidence that food-web parameters, such as trophic level and trophic breadth, affect species sensitivity to habitat fragmentation.
并非所有物种都可能受到栖息地破碎化的同等影响；因此，我们评估了森林残余地大小对植物、潜叶昆虫及其寄生蜂的营养关联群落的影响。我们通过比较物种 - 面积回归斜率，探讨了与物种特异性和食物网特征相关的对栖息地面积减少的不同脆弱性的可能性。此外，我们还寻找了这些特征和营养级的协同效应。我们在阿根廷中部19个查科塞拉诺林地残余地的五个100平方米样带中收集了有潜道的叶片，并记录了植物、潜叶昆虫和寄生蜂物种之间的相互作用。根据体型、自然丰度、营养广度和营养级将物种分为极端类别。具有自然丰度或营养特化极端值的组之间的物种 - 面积斜率不同。然而，仅在营养级和营养广度方面发现了生活史和食物网特征的协同效应：专性寄生蜂与面积相关的物种损失最高。有人提出，物种在相互作用网络中的位置可能决定其灭绝的脆弱性。我们的结果提供了证据，表明食物网参数，如营养级和营养广度，会影响物种对栖息地破碎化的敏感性。
