Chettri J Kumar, Leibowitz M Pimenta, Ofir R, Zilberg D
French Associates Institutes for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Israel.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2009 Aug;27(2):302-8. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2009.05.013. Epub 2009 May 31.
Systemic tetrahymenosis constitutes a serious problem in guppy (Poecilia reticulata) production worldwide and no therapeutic solution is available for this disease. Three immunization trials were conducted, testing the effectiveness of different Tetrahymena preparations applied by intraperitoneal injection (IP) with or without Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) and with or without booster dose. In trial 1, immunization with the pathogenic Tet-NI 6 lysate and live attenuated Tet-NI 1 did not provide significant protection from infection, although infection rates were significantly lower in the Tet-NI 6-immunized group than in controls. In trial 2, mortality in Tet-NI 6 + FCA-immunized fish was 10%, significantly lower than in all other treatment groups, including Tet-NI 6 lysate, live attenuated Tet-NI 1 and controls (77, 67 and 73%, respectively). In trial 3, the lowest mortality rates were obtained in the Tet-NI 6 + FCA + booster-immunized group (15%). These levels were lower but not significantly different from the non-boostered Tet-NI 6-immunized group (28%) and the groups immunized with Tet-NI 1, with and without booster (32 and 34%, respectively). Mortality in these four groups was significantly lower than in controls, including adjuvant- and PBS-injected groups (72 and 81%, respectively). Body homogenates of immunized fish immobilized Tetrahymena in-vitro, as compared to no or very little immobilization in controls. Lysozyme levels in the Tet-NI 6 + FCA + booster group were significantly higher than in all other treatments in trial 2 and controls in trial 3. There was no significant difference in anti-protease activity among the differently immunized fish. We conclude that immunization with Tetrahymena lysates in FCA confers a high degree of protection from infection, suggesting this preparation as a basis for vaccine development.
全身性四膜虫病是全球孔雀鱼（孔雀鱼）养殖中的一个严重问题，目前尚无针对该疾病的治疗方法。进行了三项免疫试验，测试了通过腹腔注射（IP）施用不同四膜虫制剂的有效性，有无弗氏完全佐剂（FCA）以及有无加强剂量。在试验1中，用致病性Tet-NI 6裂解物和减毒活Tet-NI 1进行免疫并未提供显著的感染保护，尽管Tet-NI 6免疫组的感染率明显低于对照组。在试验2中，Tet-NI 6 + FCA免疫鱼的死亡率为10%，明显低于所有其他治疗组，包括Tet-NI 6裂解物、减毒活Tet-NI 1和对照组（分别为77%、67%和73%）。在试验3中，Tet-NI 6 + FCA +加强免疫组的死亡率最低（15%）。这些水平低于未加强的Tet-NI 6免疫组（28%）以及用Tet-NI 1免疫的组（有加强和无加强分别为32%和34%），但差异不显著。这四组的死亡率明显低于对照组，包括注射佐剂和PBS的组（分别为72%和81%）。与对照组中无或极少固定相比，免疫鱼的身体匀浆在体外可固定四膜虫。试验2中，Tet-NI 6 + FCA +加强组的溶菌酶水平明显高于所有其他处理组，试验3中高于对照组。不同免疫的鱼之间的抗蛋白酶活性没有显著差异。我们得出结论，用FCA中的四膜虫裂解物进行免疫可提供高度的感染保护，表明该制剂可作为疫苗开发的基础。
