Prescrire Int. 2008 Aug;17(96):157-8.
(1) The traditional hot-water bottle now faces competition from a variety of similar devices, such as microwave-heated compresses and gel packs; (2) These devices can cause severe burns; (3) Microwave-heated gel packs can be harmful for two main reasons. First, microwave ovens heat deeply and unevenly and dangerous temperatures can quickly be reached. In addition, gels retain heat longer than other materials such as cotton compresses or towels; (4) Burns are sometimes caused by lengthy contact with an object that is not hot enough to cause pain or even discomfort. The heat perceived by the user does not reflect the quantity of heat actually transferred. Instructions that can be inadequate and that vary among different brands are further contributing factors; (5) These heating devices must be used with care. The recommended microwaving duration must not be exceeded, the device should be let stand for at least 10 minutes before use, and the heat-retaining material should be homogenised before applying the device to the skin.
(1) 传统热水袋如今面临来自各种类似设备的竞争，比如微波加热敷布和凝胶贴；(2) 这些设备可能导致严重烫伤；(3) 微波加热凝胶贴有害主要有两个原因。其一，微波炉加热深度且不均匀，危险温度会迅速达到。此外，凝胶比其他材料（如棉质敷布或毛巾）保持热量的时间更长；(4) 烫伤有时是由于长时间接触温度不足以引起疼痛甚至不适的物体所致。使用者感觉到的热度并不能反映实际传递的热量。不同品牌的说明可能不充分且各不相同，这也是进一步的促成因素；(5) 这些加热设备必须小心使用。不得超过推荐的微波加热时长，使用前该设备应放置至少10分钟，并且在将该设备敷于皮肤上之前应使保温材料均匀。
