Artificial bladder and the use of the artificial sphincter.

Gradually, the lifestyle that can be offered to a patient who requires a cystectomy or has a small incontinent bladder is being improved. It is possible to combine sphincter placement with cystoplasty and neobladder formation if the surgery is carried out with care. Further development of the sphincters is required before their use around bowel segments will provide consistently safe results. Concurrently, development of the totally artificial bladder is progressing toward an ideal of a system that is biocompatible and preserves renal function.