Schulman Joshua M, Fisher David E
Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Center, and Melanoma Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Curr Opin Oncol. 2009 Mar;21(2):144-9. doi: 10.1097/CCO.0b013e3283252fc5.
Skin cancer incidence is higher than that of any other human malignancy, and yet one of its root causes [ultraviolet (UV) radiation] is perhaps better understood than any other human carcinogen. The roles of UV radiation exposure and indoor tanning behaviors on skin cancer risk are explored here.
Studies from the past several years have shown a significant association between ever-use of an indoor tanning facility and an increased risk of basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. The association between indoor tanning and skin cancer is particularly strong among those who first used a tanning facility in early adulthood. Elevated vitamin D levels have been suggested to protect against various internal malignancies and other disease states, but sources of vitamin D that do not require UV exposure are easily available.
Although additional research is needed to understand fully the relationship between UV and skin cancer, it is already clear that indoor tanning bed use represents an avoidable risk factor for melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer - both of which may be lethal. Acting upon this information provides a unique opportunity for protecting the public health.
皮肤癌的发病率高于其他任何人类恶性肿瘤，然而其根本原因之一（紫外线辐射）可能比其他任何人类致癌物都更被人们所了解。本文探讨紫外线辐射暴露和室内晒黑行为对皮肤癌风险的影响。
过去几年的研究表明，曾经使用室内晒黑设施与基底细胞癌、鳞状细胞癌和黑色素瘤风险增加之间存在显著关联。室内晒黑与皮肤癌之间的关联在那些成年早期首次使用晒黑设施的人群中尤为强烈。有人提出维生素D水平升高可预防各种内部恶性肿瘤和其他疾病状态，但无需紫外线暴露的维生素D来源很容易获得。
尽管需要更多研究来全面了解紫外线与皮肤癌之间的关系，但很明显，使用室内晒黑床是黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的一个可避免的风险因素——这两种癌症都可能致命。基于这一信息采取行动为保护公众健康提供了一个独特的机会。
