Snodgrass S H, McMillan D E
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 72205.
J Exp Anal Behav. 1991 Sep;56(2):313-29. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1991.56-313.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of the schedule of reinforcement on a pentobarbital discrimination in rats. Five rats were trained to discriminate 10 mg/kg pentobarbital from saline under a multiple fixed-interval 180-s fixed-ratio 20 schedule of reinforcement. During both saline and pentobarbital training sessions, subjects emitted a higher percentage of correct responses under the fixed-ratio component as compared to the fixed-interval component of the multiple schedule. Determination of the pentobarbital dose-response curve under the fixed-ratio component resulted in a steep curve characterized by responding on the saline lever at low doses and on the drug lever at higher doses. Under the fixed-interval component, a graded dose-effect curve was produced, with considerable responding on both levers after intermediate doses of pentobarbital. The administration of phencyclidine and MK-801 resulted in an intermediate level of drug-lever responding for some subjects. Administration of d-amphetamine resulted in saline (nondrug) appropriate responding. The results of this study demonstrate that the schedule of reinforcement is a determinant of drug stimulus control, just as it is a determinant of other drug effects.
本研究的目的是确定强化程序对大鼠戊巴比妥辨别力的影响。五只大鼠在多重固定间隔180秒固定比率20的强化程序下接受训练，以区分10毫克/千克戊巴比妥和生理盐水。在生理盐水和戊巴比妥训练期间，与多重程序的固定间隔部分相比，受试动物在固定比率部分发出的正确反应百分比更高。在固定比率部分测定戊巴比妥剂量反应曲线，得到一条陡峭的曲线，其特征是低剂量时在生理盐水杆上反应，高剂量时在药物杆上反应。在固定间隔部分，产生了一条分级剂量效应曲线，戊巴比妥中等剂量后两杆上均有相当多的反应。给予苯环己哌啶和MK - 801后，一些受试动物出现中等水平的药物杆反应。给予d - 苯丙胺后出现生理盐水（非药物）适宜反应。本研究结果表明，强化程序是药物刺激控制的一个决定因素，正如它是其他药物效应的一个决定因素一样。
