Molento Marcelo Beltrão
Laboratório de Doenças Parasitárias, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, CEP: 80.035-050, Brazil.
Vet Parasitol. 2009 Aug 7;163(3):229-34. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.06.007. Epub 2009 Jun 13.
The benefits of using antiparasitic drugs in farm animals are unquestionable. However, despite anthelmintic use as the predominant control strategy, extreme parasite infection cases are appearing in sheep and goat production; these impact productivity and have show mortality rates reaching pre-drug use levels. This was a predictable situation resulting from the loss of efficacy by all available products, particularly when some products were used as the sole intervention. The concepts of agroecology and holistic agriculture, which advocate the use of integrated management strategies, such as target selected treatment, herbal medicine, and the application of other parasite control alternatives, are not completely new, but are undergoing a resurgence because of their more sustainable appeal. The objective of this review article is to examine the problem of parasite control in the face of parasite drug resistance and to outline some strategies that may be used in parasite control programmes. Before they are accepted and recommended by the WAAVP, agroecological methods such as those listed above and described in detail herein should be validated based on scientific evidence of their efficacy for parasite control and should be tested for both host and environmental safety.
在农场动物中使用抗寄生虫药物的益处是毋庸置疑的。然而，尽管驱虫药的使用是主要的控制策略，但绵羊和山羊养殖中仍出现了极端寄生虫感染病例；这些病例影响了生产力，死亡率已达到药物使用前的水平。这是所有现有产品效力丧失导致的可预见情况，尤其是当一些产品被用作唯一干预措施时。倡导使用综合管理策略（如针对性选择治疗、草药以及应用其他寄生虫控制替代方法）的农业生态学和整体农业概念并非全新概念，但因其更具可持续性的吸引力而正在复兴。这篇综述文章的目的是探讨面对寄生虫耐药性时的寄生虫控制问题，并概述一些可用于寄生虫控制计划的策略。在被世界动物寄生虫学协会（WAAVP）接受和推荐之前，上述及本文详细描述的农业生态方法应基于其对寄生虫控制效力的科学证据进行验证，并应进行宿主和环境安全性测试。
