Hansen Ase M, Larsen Ann Dyreborg, Rugulies Reiner, Garde Anne H, Knudsen Lisbeth E
National Research Centre for the Working Environment (NRCWE), Copenhagen, Denmark.
Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2009 Aug;105(2):73-83. doi: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2009.00444.x. Epub 2009 Jun 26.
The aim of the present survey was to provide a literary review of current knowledge of the possible association between the psychosocial working environment and relevant physiological parameters measured in blood and urine. Literature databases (PubMed, Toxline, Biosis and Embase) were screened using the key words job, work-related and stress in combination with selected physiological parameters. In total, 51 work place studies investigated the associations between the psychosocial working environment and physiological changes, of which 20 were longitudinal studies and 12 population-based studies. The studied exposures in work place/population-based studies included: job demands (26/8 studies), job control (24/10 studies), social support and/or leadership behaviour (12/3 studies), effort-reward imbalance (three/one studies), occupational changes (four studies), shift work (eight studies), traumatic events (one study) and other (five studies). The physiological responses were catecholamines (adrenaline, noradrenaline) (14 studies), cortisol (28 studies), cholesterol (23 studies), glycated haemoglobinA(1c) (six studies), testosterone (nine studies), oestrogens (three studies), dehydroepiandrosterone (six studies), prolactin (14 studies), melatonin (one study), thyroxin (one study), immunoglobulin (Ig) A (five studies), IgG (four studies), IgM (one study) and fibrinogen (eight studies). In general, fibrinogen and catabolic indicators, defined as energy releasing, were increased, whereas the anabolic indicators defined as constructive building up energy resources were decreased when the psychosocial working environment was perceived as poor. In conclusion, in this review the association between an adverse psychosocial working environment and HbA(1c), testosterone and fibrinogen in serum was found to be a robust and potential candidate for a physiological effect of the psychosocial working environment. Further, urinary catecholamines appear to reflect the effects of shift work and monotonous work.
本次调查的目的是对心理社会工作环境与血液和尿液中测量的相关生理参数之间可能存在的关联的现有知识进行文献综述。使用关键词“工作”“与工作相关的”“压力”与选定的生理参数相结合，对文献数据库（PubMed、Toxline、Biosis和Embase）进行筛选。总共51项工作场所研究调查了心理社会工作环境与生理变化之间的关联，其中20项为纵向研究，12项为基于人群的研究。在工作场所/基于人群的研究中所研究的暴露因素包括：工作要求（26/8项研究）、工作控制（24/10项研究）、社会支持和/或领导行为（12/3项研究）、努力-回报失衡（3/1项研究）、职业变化（4项研究）、轮班工作（8项研究）、创伤事件（1项研究）以及其他（5项研究）。生理反应包括儿茶酚胺（肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素）（14项研究）、皮质醇（28项研究）、胆固醇（23项研究）、糖化血红蛋白A1c（6项研究）、睾酮（9项研究）、雌激素（3项研究）、脱氢表雄酮（6项研究）、催乳素（14项研究）、褪黑素（1项研究）、甲状腺素（1项研究）、免疫球蛋白（Ig）A（5项研究）、IgG（4项研究）及IgM（1项研究）和纤维蛋白原（8项研究）。总体而言，当心理社会工作环境被认为较差时，纤维蛋白原和被定义为能量释放的分解代谢指标会升高，而被定义为构建能量资源的合成代谢指标则会降低。总之，在本综述中，不良心理社会工作环境与血清中的糖化血红蛋白A1c、睾酮和纤维蛋白原之间的关联被发现是心理社会工作环境生理效应的一个有力且潜在的候选因素。此外，尿儿茶酚胺似乎反映了轮班工作和单调工作的影响。
