Bifulco Robert, Ladd Helen F, Ross Stephen L
Department of Public Administration, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-1020, USA.
Soc Sci Res. 2009 Mar;38(1):71-85. doi: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2008.10.001.
Using evidence from Durham, North Carolina, we examine the impact of school choice programs on racial and class-based segregation across schools. Reasonable assumptions about the distribution of preferences over race, class, and school characteristics suggest that the segregating choices of students from advantaged backgrounds are likely to outweigh any integrating choices by disadvantaged students. The results of our empirical analysis are consistent with these theoretical considerations. Using information on the actual schools students attend and on the schools in their assigned attendance zones, we find that schools in Durham are more segregated by race and class as a result of school choice programs than they would be if all students attended their geographically assigned schools. In addition, we find that the effects of choice on segregation by class are larger than the effects on segregation by race.
利用北卡罗来纳州达勒姆市的证据，我们研究了择校计划对学校间基于种族和阶层的隔离的影响。关于对种族、阶层和学校特征的偏好分布的合理假设表明，来自优势背景的学生的隔离选择可能超过弱势学生的任何融合选择。我们实证分析的结果与这些理论考量一致。利用学生实际就读学校以及其指定学区内学校的信息，我们发现，与所有学生都就读于其地理学区指定学校的情况相比，达勒姆市的学校因择校计划而在种族和阶层上的隔离程度更高。此外，我们发现，择校对阶层隔离的影响大于对种族隔离的影响。
