Ezzati Mohammad, Norian John M, Segars James H
Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA.
Womens Health (Lond). 2009 Jul;5(4):413-21. doi: 10.2217/whe.09.29.
Uterine leiomyomas are present in 30-70% of women of reproductive age. In addition to causing menstrual disorders and pain, uterine fibroids negatively affect fertility and pregnancy outcome for patients pursuing assisted reproduction. The two questions that have to be addressed are: which fibroids should be treated and how should they be treated? Submucosal fibroids are associated with a 70% reduction in delivery rate. Intramural fibroids had a lesser effect and reduced the delivery rate by approximately 30%. By contrast, studies have demonstrated that subserosal fibroids did not negatively impact fertility. Furthermore, both submucosal and intramural fibroids were associated with an increased risk of spontaneous miscarriage. Myomectomy is considered the treatment of choice to alleviate these detrimental effects. Further research is needed before alternative treatments can be recommended.
30%至70%的育龄女性患有子宫平滑肌瘤。除了导致月经紊乱和疼痛外,子宫肌瘤还会对寻求辅助生殖的患者的生育能力和妊娠结局产生负面影响。需要解决的两个问题是:哪些肌瘤应该接受治疗以及应该如何治疗?黏膜下肌瘤会使分娩率降低70%。肌壁间肌瘤的影响较小,使分娩率降低约30%。相比之下,研究表明浆膜下肌瘤不会对生育能力产生负面影响。此外,黏膜下肌瘤和肌壁间肌瘤都与自然流产风险增加有关。子宫肌瘤切除术被认为是缓解这些不利影响的首选治疗方法。在推荐替代治疗方法之前,还需要进一步研究。