McKnight Alicia G, Thomason Angela R
School of Pharmacy, Samford University, Birmingham, AL, USA.
J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2009 Jul-Aug;49(4):554-8. doi: 10.1331/JAPhA.2009.08056.
To determine which states in the United States have provisions in place for pharmacist participation in drug and disease management programs and/or collaborative practice agreements and to provide comparison and discussion regarding such provisions. A secondary endpoint was the requirements of certification, credentialing, and registration with the specific state's rules and regulations.
Information was gathered from states' statutes, rules, and regulations. Acquisition of each state's laws was achieved through various forms of electronic media. Data were accessed from January to March 2008.
19 states (38%) had specific provisions for disease management, 33 (66%) had provisions for drug therapy management, and 37 (74%) had provisions for collaborative practice. A total of 11 states (22%) specified that pharmacists receive specialized training to participate in such endeavors. Board approval or notification for collaborative practice agreements was required in 16 states (32%).
With varying degrees of autonomy and restriction, pharmacists in certain states have the ability to develop disease management and/or collaborative practice programs. For pharmacists to take advantage of these new direct patient care opportunities, knowing the rules and requirements of their state's legislation is essential.
确定美国哪些州制定了相关规定，允许药剂师参与药物和疾病管理项目及/或协作医疗协议，并对这些规定进行比较和讨论。次要终点是根据特定州的法律法规对认证、资质认定和注册的要求。
信息收集自各州的法规、规章。通过各种电子媒体获取每个州的法律。数据获取时间为2008年1月至3月。
19个州（38%）有疾病管理的具体规定，33个州（66%）有药物治疗管理的规定，37个州（74%）有协作医疗的规定。共有11个州（22%）规定药剂师需接受专业培训以参与此类工作。16个州（32%）要求协作医疗协议需经委员会批准或备案。
在不同程度的自主性和限制下，某些州的药剂师有能力开展疾病管理和/或协作医疗项目。药剂师若要利用这些新的直接为患者提供护理的机会，了解本州立法的规则和要求至关重要。
