Reiss Julia, Bridle Jon R, Montoya José M, Woodward Guy
School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Trends Ecol Evol. 2009 Sep;24(9):505-14. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2009.03.018.
Two decades of intensive research have provided compelling evidence for a link between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning (B-EF). Whereas early B-EF research concentrated on species richness and single processes, recent studies have investigated different measures of both biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, such as functional diversity and joint metrics of multiple processes. There is also a shift from viewing assemblages in terms of their contribution to particular processes toward placing them within a wider food web context. We review how the responses and predictors in B-EF experiments are quantified and how biodiversity effects are shaped by multitrophic interactions. Further, we discuss how B-EF metrics and food web relations could be addressed simultaneously. We conclude that addressing traits, multiple processes and food web interactions is needed to capture the mechanisms that underlie B-EF relations in natural assemblages.
二十年的深入研究为生物多样性与生态系统功能（B-EF）之间的联系提供了有力证据。早期的B-EF研究集中在物种丰富度和单一过程上，而最近的研究则调查了生物多样性和生态系统功能的不同衡量指标，如功能多样性和多个过程的联合指标。研究视角也从根据群落对特定过程的贡献来观察，转向将它们置于更广泛的食物网背景中。我们回顾了B-EF实验中响应和预测因子是如何量化的，以及生物多样性效应是如何由多营养级相互作用塑造的。此外，我们讨论了如何同时处理B-EF指标和食物网关系。我们得出结论，需要考虑性状、多个过程和食物网相互作用，才能揭示自然群落中B-EF关系背后的机制。
